Effects of standardized nursing protocol on nursing quality and complications in pediatric patients with massive scalp hematoma undergoing negative pressure drainage.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effect of standardized nursing process intervention on care quality and complications in children with large scalp hematomas treated with modified negative-pressure drainage.

METHODS

This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in the Children's Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Institute of Pediatrics. A total of 102 children with massive scalp hematoma were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 52, with conventional nursing care) and an observation group (n = 50, with standardized nursing care). Drainage time, hematoma subsidence time, and nursing-related outcomes were compared between the two groups. Hematologic data were assessed preoperatively, and at 24 h and 72 h postoperatively.

RESULTS

Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited significantly shorter drainage time, hematoma resolution time, wound healing time, and hospitalization time (all <0.05), as well as lower hospitalization cost (<0.05). Rehabilitation outcomes were significantly improved across age groups (all <0.05), with lower pain scores (all <0.05), reduced complication and readmission rates (all <0.05), higher quality-of-care scores (all <0.05), and greater nursing satisfaction (<0.05). At 24 h after operation, the observation group had higher levels of hemoglobin (Hb) and fibrinogen (Fib) (<0.05), and lower levels of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), C-reactive protein (CRP), pro-calcitonin (PCT), and white blood cell count (WBC) (<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Implementation of standardized nursing processes significantly improves care quality, reduces complications, and promotes faster recovery in pediatric patients undergoing modified negative-pressure drainage for large scalp hematoma, supporting its broad application in clinical practice.