Henrique Mariliza, Machado Luis Carlos, Luppi Carla Gianna, Maciel Vanessa de Oliveira, Mazzei Caio Carrete, Lemos Jessica Macedo, Steiner Marcelo Luis
Hospital da Mulher de São Bernardo do Campo SP Brazil Hospital da Mulher de São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.
CRT/IST-AIDS Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo São PauloSP Brazil CRT/IST-AIDS Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2025 Jul 15;47. doi: 10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo36. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19) infection and preeclampsia (PE); to verify whether the strength of the association differs according to the infection onset (trimester of pregnancy).
Retrospective cross-sectional study. Included women giving birth at a public hospital in Brazil from July 2020 to January 2021. All women were offered testing for COVID-19 during birth; they were also offered to test during prenatal care if symptomatics or contactants. Excluded women not tested. Compared the frequency of PE as well as of PE superimposed to chronic hypertension (PESCH) in women with versus without infection. Associations were accessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Among 1,575 women included, 288 (18.3%) had infection, 53 (3.4%) had PE, and 32 (2.1%) had PESCH. In univariate analysis, infection was significantly associated with PE, but not with PESCH. We then considered only PE as the outcome. The multivariable model included PE, infection, primigravida, fewer than seven prenatal visits. We found association between infection and PE, adjusted odds ratio 2.1; p=0.017. Women infected in the first trimester had a higher frequency of PE than those with infections in the second/third trimester, suggesting a temporal sequence, but the difference wasn't significant (p=0.054).
Our data suggests association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PE without chronic hypertension. The greater frequency of PE in women who had infection in the first trimester suggests a temporal sequence, but the small numbers are a limitation. Studies with larger samples are welcome.
研究严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2/新冠病毒病）感染与子痫前期（PE）之间的关联；验证该关联的强度是否因感染发作时间（孕期）而异。
回顾性横断面研究。纳入2020年7月至2021年1月在巴西一家公立医院分娩的妇女。所有妇女在分娩时均接受新冠病毒病检测；有症状或有接触史者在产前检查时也接受检测。排除未接受检测的妇女。比较感染组和未感染组妇女中PE以及合并慢性高血压的PE（PESCH）的发生率。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析评估关联。
在纳入的1575名妇女中，288名（18.3%）感染，53名（3.4%）患PE，32名（2.1%）患PESCH。单因素分析中，感染与PE显著相关，但与PESCH无关。然后我们仅将PE作为结局。多变量模型包括PE、感染、初产妇、产前检查少于7次。我们发现感染与PE之间存在关联，调整后的优势比为2.1；p=0.017。孕早期感染的妇女PE发生率高于孕中期/晚期感染的妇女，提示存在时间顺序，但差异无统计学意义（p=0.054）。
我们的数据表明SARS-CoV-2感染与无慢性高血压的PE之间存在关联。孕早期感染的妇女中PE发生率较高提示存在时间顺序，但样本量小是一个局限性。欢迎开展更大样本量的研究。
