Balacescu S, Geavlete B, Ungureanu C, Ene C, Ene C D, Bulai C, Mares C, Punga A, Militaru A, Geavlete P
"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
Urology Department of "Saint John" Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
Maedica (Bucur). 2025 Mar;20(1):112-116. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.1.112.
Recent studies suggest that the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), especially in older men, may result from COVID-19, and that LUTS may be high in the early stages of the illness. The primary goal of the present review is to ascertain the true impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the development of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by analyzing the body of available literature. By May 2023, a comprehensive and categorized search of the literature was conducted utilizing the following global databases: the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase and Scopus. To assess their eligibility, all English-language records were included, including peer-reviewed online publications and published works. Additional sources were identified using the retrieved material's citations. There were no limitations on the sample size. SARS-CoV-2 penetrates cells by attaching itself to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor of the prostate. This combination may cause direct harm to the prostate and accelerate the development of BPH. The pathophysiology of BPH involves androgen receptors, and the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 may be androgen-mediated. This may cause the symptoms of BPH to worsen and progress. Pro-inflammatory pathways can be triggered and cytokine release increased by SARS-CoV-2 infection. This inflammation can exacerbate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and cause the prostate gland to become inflamed. Benign prostatic hyperplasia may occur because of metabolic disturbances brought on by the coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), such as newly diagnosed diabetes and cardiovascular issues. To illustrate the impact of COVID-19 on the onset of these symptoms and quantify the changes in them, it is desirable to identify the factors that contribute to the worsening of BPH-related LUTS after COVID-19 recovery.
最近的研究表明，国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS），尤其是在老年男性中，可能由新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）引起，且下尿路症状（LUTS）在疾病早期可能较高。本综述的主要目的是通过分析现有文献，确定严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）对良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者病情发展的真正影响。截至2023年5月，利用以下全球数据库对文献进行了全面且分类的检索：考克兰图书馆、科学网、PubMed、Embase和Scopus。为评估其适用性，纳入了所有英文记录，包括同行评审的在线出版物和已发表作品。利用检索材料的参考文献确定了其他来源。样本量没有限制。SARS-CoV-2通过附着于前列腺的血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）受体进入细胞。这种结合可能对前列腺造成直接损害并加速BPH的发展。BPH的病理生理学涉及雄激素受体，SARS-CoV-2引起的感染可能由雄激素介导。这可能导致BPH症状恶化和进展。SARS-CoV-2感染可触发促炎途径并增加细胞因子释放。这种炎症会加重下尿路症状（LUTS）并导致前列腺发炎。良性前列腺增生可能是由SARS-CoV-2引起的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）带来的代谢紊乱所致，如新诊断的糖尿病和心血管问题。为了说明COVID-19对这些症状发作的影响并量化其变化，有必要确定COVID-19康复后导致BPH相关LUTS恶化的因素。
