Gai Yihan, Berle David
Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2025 Jul-Aug;32(4):e70125. doi: 10.1002/cpp.70125.
Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) is a newly recognized condition in the ICD-11, characterized by the core symptoms of PTSD alongside disturbances in self-organization (DSO). Network analysis provides a novel approach to understanding the complex relationships between symptoms. While many studies have identified the comorbidity between PTSD/CPTSD and depression, few have focused on CPTSD using network analysis. This study aims to investigate the bridge symptoms between PTSD, DSO and depression.
A sample of 385 US participants who reported at least one lifetime trauma completed the ICD-11 International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
The obtained network models were stable. The most central symptoms were 'Feeling distant or cut off from people', 'Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless' and 'Feeling like a failure'. The key bridge symptoms in the network were 'Negative self-concept', 'Feeling like a failure', 'When I am upset, it takes me a long time to calm down' and 'Finding it hard to stay emotionally close to people'.
The results indicate that certain symptoms are considerably more influential within the network. Affective, identity and interpersonal DSO symptoms may play a key role in linking PTSD and depression. These symptoms may be important targets for interventions.
复杂性创伤后应激障碍（CPTSD）是《国际疾病分类第11版》（ICD - 11）中一种新确认的病症，其特征是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的核心症状以及自我组织紊乱（DSO）。网络分析为理解症状之间的复杂关系提供了一种新方法。虽然许多研究已经确定了PTSD/CPTSD与抑郁症之间的共病情况，但很少有研究使用网络分析来关注CPTSD。本研究旨在调查PTSD、DSO和抑郁症之间的桥梁症状。
385名报告至少有一次终身创伤经历的美国参与者完成了ICD - 11国际创伤问卷（ITQ）和患者健康问卷 - 9（PHQ - 9）。
获得的网络模型是稳定的。最核心的症状是“感觉与他人疏远或隔绝”、“情绪低落、沮丧或绝望”以及“感觉自己是个失败者”。网络中的关键桥梁症状是“消极的自我概念”、“感觉自己是个失败者”、“当我心烦意乱时，需要很长时间才能平静下来”以及“发现很难在情感上与他人亲近”。
结果表明某些症状在网络中具有更大的影响力。情感、身份认同和人际方面的DSO症状可能在连接PTSD和抑郁症方面起关键作用。这些症状可能是干预的重要目标。
