Elardo Stephen M, Cone Kim A, Siegler Matthew A, Williams Samuel J, Palin Richard M
The Florida Planets Lab, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
Sci Adv. 2025 Jul 18;11(29):eadr1486. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adr1486.
The 2-billion-year-old basalts collected by the Chang'e 5 mission are younger than any other sampled lunar igneous rock. These lavas provide critical insight into the evolution of the Moon at a time when magmatism was waning and represent a key data point for understanding how rocky bodies cool. Here, we present high-P-T experiments and phase equilibrium modeling performed on a Chang'e 5 basalt composition that show the parental magma formed in the shallow mantle, at ~75- to 130-kilometer depth. This shallow source and Sr-Nd isotopic evidence for the lack of the heat-producing KREEP reservoir in sources of the Chang'e 5 basalt and high-Ti basalts collected by Apollo demonstrate that KREEP was not carried into the deep mantle to generate prolonged melting. Rather, we show that a subcrustal KREEP layer conductively heating the nearside mantle from the top down is likely responsible for prolonged lunar magmatism.
嫦娥五号任务采集的有20亿年历史的玄武岩比其他任何采样的月球火成岩都要年轻。这些熔岩为岩浆活动逐渐减弱时期的月球演化提供了关键见解，并且是理解岩石天体如何冷却的一个关键数据点。在这里，我们展示了对嫦娥五号玄武岩成分进行的高温高压实验和相平衡模拟，结果表明母岩浆形成于浅部地幔，深度约为75至130公里。这种浅部源区以及嫦娥五号玄武岩和阿波罗号采集的高钛玄武岩源区缺乏产热的克里普岩储层的锶 - 钕同位素证据表明，克里普岩没有被带入深部地幔以产生长时间的熔融。相反，我们表明，一个从顶部向下传导加热近侧地幔的地壳下克里普岩层可能是月球长期岩浆活动的原因。
