Ismael Elshaimaa, Kamel Shaimaa, Elleithy Ebtihal M M, Bekeer Manal R, Fahmy Khaled Nasr El-Din
Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 18;15(1):26045. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09278-3.
Sodium butyrate and tributyrin are known to enhance broiler chicken performance. In this study, 1,000 Arbor Acres broiler chicks were assigned to four dietary treatments (250 birds each; six replicates of 40-42 birds): a control basal diet (CON), or the same diet supplemented with either 500 g/ton tributyrin (40%) + copper + essential oils (TB-500), 300 g/ton di- and tri-butyrin (60%) (TB-300), or 500 g/ton coated sodium butyrate (40%) (SB-500). Weekly growth parameters were recorded, and on Day 35, carcass traits, serum biochemistry, immunity, gene expression (mTOR, TLR4, NBN), intestinal morphology, caecal microbiota, and litter hygiene were assessed. TB-300 improved body weight (+ 4.6%, P = 0.014), FCR (- 5.2%, P = 0.032), and European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) (+ 14.9%, P = 0.006). SB-500 significantly reduced litter Clostridia (P < 0.0001) and aerobic bacteria (P = 0.026) counts, while all butyrate treatments lowered caecal aerobic bacterial levels (P = 0.041). TB-300 and SB-500 enhanced duodenal villi height (P < 0.0001) and crypt-villus ratio (P < 0.001); TB-500 had the deepest duodenal crypts (P = 0.003). Jejunal and ileal morphology improved with most of the supplements, particularly TB-500 (P < 0.0001; P = 0.050). All butyrate treatments increased serum total proteins (P = 0.015) and digestive enzymes (lipase, P < 0.0001; protease, P = 0.001). TB-300 and SB-500 significantly lowered serum lipids (P = 0.024), urea (P = 0.018), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.027), while enhancing mTOR and NBN gene expression (P < 0.0001). TLR4 expression was upregulated in all butyrate-treated groups (P < 0.0001). Each form of butyrate supplementation exerts distinct beneficial effects on growth, gut health, and physiological performance in broiler chickens.
已知丁酸钠和甘油三丁酸酯可提高肉鸡的生产性能。在本研究中，将1000只艾拔益加肉鸡雏鸡分配到四种日粮处理组（每组250只；40 - 42只鸡的六个重复）：对照基础日粮（CON），或添加500克/吨甘油三丁酸酯（40%）+铜+精油的相同日粮（TB - 500）、300克/吨二丁酸酯和三丁酸酯（60%）（TB - 300）或500克/吨包膜丁酸钠（40%）（SB - 500）。记录每周的生长参数，并在第35天评估胴体性状、血清生化指标、免疫力、基因表达（mTOR、TLR4、NBN）、肠道形态、盲肠微生物群和垫料卫生状况。TB - 300提高了体重（+4.6%，P = 0.014）、饲料转化率（-5.2%，P = 0.032）和欧洲生产效率因子（EPEF）（+14.9%，P = 0.006）。SB - 500显著降低了垫料中梭菌（P < 0.0001）和好氧菌（P = 0.026）的数量，而所有丁酸盐处理均降低了盲肠好氧细菌水平（P = 0.041）。TB - 300和SB - 500提高了十二指肠绒毛高度（P < 0.0001）和隐窝 - 绒毛比（P < 0.001）；TB - 500的十二指肠隐窝最深（P = 0.003）。大多数补充剂改善了空肠和回肠形态，尤其是TB - 500（P < 0.0001；P = 0.050）。所有丁酸盐处理均增加了血清总蛋白（P = 0.015）和消化酶（脂肪酶，P < 0.0001；蛋白酶，P = 0.001）。TB - 300和SB - 500显著降低了血清脂质（P = 0.024）、尿素（P = 0.018）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）（P = 0.027），同时增强了mTOR和NBN基因表达（P < 0.0001）。TLR4表达在所有丁酸盐处理组中均上调（P < 0.0001）。每种丁酸盐补充形式对肉鸡的生长、肠道健康和生理性能都有不同的有益影响。
