State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
Poult Sci. 2022 Dec;101(12):102221. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102221. Epub 2022 Oct 4.
Chemically protected sodium butyrate (CSB) is a new kind of sodium butyrate. Our previous study found that 1,000 mg/kg of CSB had the potential capacity of improving growth performance and promoting early development of small intestine in broilers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of long-term antibiotics or CSB supplementation for intestinal microflora dynamical regulation in broilers. One hundred ninety-two 1-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allocated into 3 dietary treatment (8 replicates per treatment) and fed with a basal diet (CON), a diet supplemented with the antibiotics (enramycin, 8 mg/kg and aureomycin, 100 mg/kg) (ANT), or a diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg of CSB, respectively. Results showed that dietary supplementation of CSB or ANT treatment elevated the weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR; P < 0.05), as compared with control (CON) group. Additionally, CON, CSB, or ANT administration dynamically altered the gut microbiota composition as time goes on. The increased presence of potential pathogens, such as Romboutsia and Shuttleworthia, and decreased beneficial bacteria such as Alistipes, Akkermansia, and Bacteroides were verified in new gut homeostasis reshaped by long-term antibiotics treatment, which has adverse effects on intestinal development and health of broilers. Conversely, CSB supplementation could dynamically enhance the relative abundance of Bacteroides, and decrease Romboutsia and Shuttleworthia in new microflora, which has positive effects on intestinal bacteria of broilers compared with CON group. Meanwhile, CSB supplementation was significantly increased the concentration of propionic acid and total short chain fatty acids (total SCFA; P < 0.05) in comparison with CON and ANT groups. Moreover, CSB treatment significantly increased anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capacities (P < 0.05) of broilers compared with ANT group. Taken together, we revealed characteristic structural changes of gut microbiota throughout long-term CSB or ANT supplementation in broilers, which provided a basic data for evaluating the mechanism of action affecting intestinal health by CSB or ANT administration and CSB as an alternative to antibiotics in the broilers industry.
化学保护丁酸钠（CSB）是一种新型的丁酸钠。我们之前的研究发现，1000mg/kg 的 CSB 具有改善肉鸡生长性能和促进早期小肠发育的潜力。本研究旨在探讨长期抗生素或 CSB 补充对肉鸡肠道微生物菌群动态调节的影响。将 192 只 1 日龄的 Arbor Acres 雄性肉鸡随机分配到 3 种饮食处理（每个处理 8 个重复），分别饲喂基础日粮（CON）、添加抗生素（恩拉霉素，8mg/kg 和金霉素，100mg/kg）的日粮（ANT）或添加 1000mg/kg CSB 的日粮。结果表明，与对照组（CON）相比，日粮中添加 CSB 或 ANT 可提高肉鸡的增重和饲料转化率（FCR；P<0.05）。此外，随着时间的推移，CON、CSB 或 ANT 处理动态改变了肠道微生物群落的组成。长期抗生素处理重塑新的肠道内稳态，导致潜在病原体（如 Romboutsia 和 Shuttleworthia）的存在增加，有益菌（如 Alistipes、Akkermansia 和 Bacteroides）减少，这对肉鸡的肠道发育和健康产生不利影响。相反，CSB 补充可动态增强新菌群中 Bacteroides 的相对丰度，降低 Romboutsia 和 Shuttleworthia 的相对丰度，与 CON 组相比，对肉鸡肠道细菌具有积极影响。同时，CSB 补充显著增加了丙酸和总短链脂肪酸（总 SCFA；P<0.05）的浓度。此外，与 ANT 组相比，CSB 处理显著提高了肉鸡的抗炎和抗氧化能力（P<0.05）。综上所述，我们揭示了 CSB 或 ANT 补充对肉鸡肠道微生物群的长期影响的特征结构变化，为评估 CSB 或 ANT 给药和 CSB 作为肉鸡产业抗生素替代品对肠道健康的作用机制提供了基础数据。
