Liu Yunnan, Yang Haimei, Xiong Jian, Wei Ying, Yang Chen, Zheng Qianhua, Liang Fanrong
The Acupuncture and Massage Institute of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China.
Int J Mol Med. 2025 Oct;56(4). doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2025.5589. Epub 2025 Jul 19.
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), mainly due to atherosclerosis and coronary microvascular dysfunction, continues to be a major cause of mortality worldwide. This condition can escalate to severe complications, including heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac mortality. In advanced stages, treatments such as coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention may be necessary. The brain‑heart axis, which facilitates the interaction between the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system via the autonomic nervous system, is crucial in the management of IHD. An imbalance in autonomic function, marked by increased sympathetic activity and diminished parasympathetic influence, can worsen cardiovascular conditions by promoting inflammation, vasoconstriction and myocardial ischemia. Innovative treatments such as spinal cord stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation show potential in re‑establishing autonomic equilibrium and improving cardiovascular function by influencing the neurocardiac interface. The present review discussed the pathophysiology of IHD and methodically examined the role of the nervous system in this disease. It emphasized the possibilities of neural modulation therapy, while identifying ongoing challenges and areas lacking in current knowledge.
缺血性心脏病（IHD）主要由动脉粥样硬化和冠状动脉微血管功能障碍引起，仍然是全球范围内主要的死亡原因。这种疾病可能会升级为严重的并发症，包括心力衰竭、心律失常和心源性猝死。在疾病晚期，可能需要进行冠状动脉搭桥术或经皮冠状动脉介入治疗等。脑-心轴通过自主神经系统促进中枢神经系统与心血管系统之间的相互作用，在缺血性心脏病的管理中至关重要。自主神经功能失衡，表现为交感神经活动增加和副交感神经影响减弱，可通过促进炎症、血管收缩和心肌缺血来加重心血管疾病。脊髓刺激和迷走神经刺激等创新治疗方法显示出通过影响神经心脏界面来重建自主神经平衡和改善心血管功能的潜力。本综述讨论了缺血性心脏病的病理生理学，并系统地研究了神经系统在该疾病中的作用。它强调了神经调节治疗的可能性，同时指出了当前面临的挑战和现有知识的不足。
