Space-temporal distribution of triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon: Records from the evandro chagas institute over 47 years (1977-2024).

Geoprocessing represents an essential methodology for the spatial and temporal monitoring of populations, playing a strategic role in the vector control of Chagas disease. This cross-sectional, ecological, and retrospective study analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of triatomines in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon, between 1977 and 2024, based on records from the Evandro Chagas Institute. A total of 9593 triatomines were identified, classified into 11 species and 6 genera originating from 83 municipalities. Several species of medical importance were documented, notably Rhodnius pictipes, Rhodnius robustus, Panstrongylus geniculatus, Triatoma rubrofasciata, and Panstrongylus lignarius. Collection activities were more frequent during the second half of the year, coinciding with an increase in acute cases of Chagas disease in the state. The municipalities of Belém, Parauapebas, Barcarena, Muaná, and Abaetetuba accounted for 71.69 % of all records, while the highest infectivity rates were observed in São Francisco do Pará, Irituia, Cachoeira do Arari, Afuá, and Ananindeua. Human contact with the vector occurred predominantly in domestic environments, especially at night and most frequently in bedrooms, with Rhodnius pictipes, Panstrongylus geniculatus, and Triatoma rubrofasciata being the most commonly encountered species. Additionally, Rhodnius pictipes and Panstrongylus geniculatus exhibited the highest positivity rates for trypanosomatids. Consequently, Chagas disease remains endemic in the Amazon region, with Pará being one of the most affected states, mainly due to oral transmission associated with the consumption of açaí (Euterpe oleracea). This scenario is directly related to the region's triatomine fauna, whose dispersion is intensified by unregulated anthropogenic activities, highlighting the need for integrated vector surveillance and control strategies.