Puntel Raissa Tainá, Stefanello Raquel, Rhoden Cristiano Rodrigo Bohn, Strazzabosco Dorneles Lucio
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Department of Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2025 Jul 20:1-13. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2025.2534859.
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal commonly introduced into agricultural soils through phosphate fertilizers. Cadmium accumulation poses serious risks to human health, crop productivity, and environmental sustainability. Although the toxic effects of Cd on plant development are well documented, effective and sustainable strategies to mitigate its impact on seed germination and early plant growth remain limited. Nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO) demonstrated potential in alleviating abiotic stress, but application in Cd-contaminated agricultural systems requires further investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the potential of GO as a possible mitigator of adverse Cd-initiated effects on seed germination and initial growth of rice ( L.) seedlings. Rice seeds were treated with varying concentrations of GO (0 to 500 mg/L), Cd chloride (0 to 0.4 mM), and combination of GO + Cd chloride simultaneously. The experiment was conducted on a germitest paper, where the rolls were kept for 7 days in a germination chamber (25 ± 2 °C and 12 hr light). The germination and seedling growth were subsequently assessed. Cadmium exposure inhibited seed germination and early seedling development, particularly at concentrations from 0.1 mM. Graphene oxide, on the other hand, proved to be a suitable alternative to mitigate Cd-induced stress, showing a significant enhanced germination at concentrations of up to 250 mg/L. Graphene oxide demonstrated potential as a protective agent against Cd-induced toxicity in rice seeds, suggesting its promising application in improving crop resilience in metal-contaminated environments.
镉（Cd）是一种剧毒重金属，通常通过磷肥进入农业土壤。镉的积累对人类健康、作物生产力和环境可持续性构成严重风险。尽管镉对植物发育的毒性作用已有充分记录，但减轻其对种子萌发和植物早期生长影响的有效且可持续的策略仍然有限。氧化石墨烯（GO）等纳米材料在缓解非生物胁迫方面显示出潜力，但在镉污染的农业系统中的应用需要进一步研究。因此，本研究的目的是检验氧化石墨烯作为一种可能的缓解剂，减轻镉对水稻种子萌发和幼苗初始生长的不利影响的潜力。水稻种子同时用不同浓度的氧化石墨烯（0至500毫克/升）、氯化镉（0至0.4毫摩尔）以及氧化石墨烯 + 氯化镉的组合进行处理。实验在发芽试纸上进行，将试纸卷在发芽箱中放置7天（25 ± 2°C，12小时光照）。随后评估种子萌发和幼苗生长情况。镉暴露抑制了种子萌发和幼苗早期发育，特别是在浓度达到0.1毫摩尔时。另一方面，氧化石墨烯被证明是减轻镉诱导胁迫的合适替代品，在浓度高达250毫克/升时显示出显著提高的发芽率。氧化石墨烯显示出作为水稻种子镉诱导毒性保护剂的潜力，表明其在改善金属污染环境中作物抗逆性方面具有广阔的应用前景。
