Essa Mohammed, Malik Devesh, Lu Yuan, Yang Huanhuan, Spatz Erica S, Krumholz Harlan M, Faridi Kamil F
Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2025 Jul;27(7):e70093. doi: 10.1111/jch.70093.
Hypertension is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, but national trends in hypertension after the COVID-19 pandemic remain unknown. We analyzed NHANES data from pre-pandemic (2017-March 2020) and post-pandemic (August 2021-August 2023) surveys to determine nationwide prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension. Weighted, age-standardized prevalence estimates were compared using Poisson regression with prevalence ratios (PRs). Among 14 449 participants representing 237 million US adults, hypertension prevalence was 49.5% pre-pandemic versus 47.7% post-pandemic (PR 0.96; p = 0.15). Overall, hypertension awareness was unchanged (57.7% vs. 53.7%; PR 0.96; p = 0.14) but declined among adults aged 18-39 years (PR 0.78; p = 0.02). Blood pressure control remained low (25.9% vs. 22.3%; PR 0.91; p = 0.06) and worsened in men (PR 0.83; p = 0.01). In conclusion, hypertension prevalence, awareness, and control did not significantly improve post-pandemic. More aggressive public health efforts are needed to reduce the adverse impacts of hypertension in the United States.
高血压是美国死亡和残疾的主要原因，但新冠疫情后全国范围内高血压的趋势仍不明朗。我们分析了疫情前（2017年至2020年3月）和疫情后（2021年8月至2023年8月）调查的美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，以确定全国范围内高血压的患病率、知晓率和控制情况。使用泊松回归和患病率比（PRs）比较加权的、年龄标准化的患病率估计值。在代表2.37亿美国成年人的14449名参与者中，疫情前高血压患病率为49.5%，疫情后为47.7%（PR 0.96；p = 0.15）。总体而言，高血压知晓率没有变化（57.7%对53.7%；PR 0.96；p = 0.14），但在18至39岁成年人中有所下降（PR 0.78；p = 0.02）。血压控制率仍然很低（25.9%对22.3%；PR 0.91；p = 0.06），在男性中情况恶化（PR 0.83；p = 0.01）。总之，疫情后高血压的患病率、知晓率和控制率没有显著改善。需要采取更积极的公共卫生措施来减少高血压在美国造成的不利影响。
