Maganira Justine Daudi, Makwinya Noel Mark, Mwang'onde Beda John
Department of Biosciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Department of Curriculum and Instruction, School of Education, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2025 Jun 30;30:e00445. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2025.e00445. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Porcine cysticercosis, caused by the larval stage of species, poses significant health and economic challenges in low and lower-middle-income regions. This study assessed the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with the transmission of porcine cysticercosis in Mpwapwa District, eastern-central Tanzania, using a commercial antigen enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Ag- ELISA). A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gulwe, Ving'hawe, and Igovu villages during the dry season in June 2024. Blood samples were collected from 159 household pigs, and structured questionnaires were administered to heads or representatives of 51 pig-keeping households to identify potential risk factors. Serum samples from 29 pigs tested positive for porcine cysticercosis in the Ag-ELISA assay with an apparent prevalence of 18.24 % (95 % CI: 12.57 %-25.13 %), and estimated true prevalence of 17.91 % (95 % CI: 12.66 %-24.67 %). The apparent prevalence of porcine cysticercosis varied across the villages with Gulwe showing the highest prevalence (22.58 %; 95 % CI: 12.93 %-34.79 %), followed by Ving'hawe (21.21 % 95 % CI: 8.98 %-38.91 %), and Igovu (12.50 %; 95 % CI: 5.55 %-23.15 %). Female pigs exhibited a relatively higher seropositivity rate (13.84 %; 95 % CI: 8.88 %-20.20 %) compared to male pigs (4.40 %; 95 % CI: 1.79 %-8.86 %) although this difference was not statistically significant (χ = 0.629, -value = 0.428). DNA extracted from cysticerci isolated from infected pigs slaughter in the study villages was confirmed via gel electrophoresis to belong to . Seropositivity was higher in adult pigs (14.47 %; 95 % CI: 9.84 %-20.77 %) than in growers (3.77 %; 95 % CI: 1.74 %-7.99 %), but this difference was not statistically significant (χ = 0.385, = value = 0.535). Risk factor analysis identified the pig management system (OR = 2.47, = 0.005), household pig herd size (OR = 3.08, = 0.003), pig pen design (OR = 2.49, = 0.002), feed source (OR = 3.08, = 0.000), ignorance of porcine cysticercosis (OR = 1.57, = 0.031) and presence of open-field defecation (OR = 1.47, = 0.025) as significant contributors to the transmission of porcine cysticercosis. This study identifies a significant burden of porcine cysticercosis in Mpwapwa District, highlighting the need for effective control strategies to combat this zoonotic disease, protect smallholder livelihoods, and align with the WHO's 2030 targets for intensified control.
猪囊尾蚴病由某物种的幼虫阶段引起，在低收入和中低收入地区构成了重大的健康和经济挑战。本研究采用商业抗原酶联免疫吸附测定法（Ag-ELISA）评估了坦桑尼亚中东部姆普瓦普瓦区猪囊尾蚴病传播的血清流行率及相关风险因素。2024年6月旱季期间，在古尔韦、温加韦和伊戈武村进行了一项横断面调查。从159头家猪采集了血样，并向51户养猪家庭的户主或代表发放了结构化问卷，以确定潜在风险因素。在Ag-ELISA检测中，29头猪的血清样本猪囊尾蚴病检测呈阳性，表观流行率为18.24%（95%CI：12.57%-25.13%），估计真实流行率为17.91%（95%CI：12.66%-24.67%）。猪囊尾蚴病的表观流行率在各村之间有所不同，古尔韦的流行率最高（22.58%；95%CI：12.93%-34.79%），其次是温加韦（21.21%，95%CI：8.98%-38.91%），伊戈武村（12.50%；95%CI：5.55%-23.15%）。母猪的血清阳性率（13.84%；95%CI：8.88%-20.20%）相对高于公猪（4.40%；95%CI：1.79%-8.86%），尽管这种差异无统计学意义（χ=0.629，P值=0.428）。从研究村庄屠宰的感染猪分离出的囊尾蚴中提取的DNA经凝胶电泳确认属于某物种。成年猪的血清阳性率（14.47%；95%CI：9.84%-20.77%）高于生长猪（3.77%；95%CI：
