Aghdam Kaveh Abri, Chaibakhsh Samira, Hasani Nazanin, Hosseinabadi Vahid Zare, Aghajani Ali
Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2025 May 5;20. doi: 10.18502/jovr.v20.14953. eCollection 2025.
This study aims to assess the biometric alterations contributing to myopia in children who have undergone treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and compare these changes with those observed in full-term myopic children.
Children who had undergone ROP treatment were recruited and classified according to their treatment methods. An age-matched group of myopic patients with no history of ROP treatment was also included. Complete perinatal history was collected, and a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including cycloplegic refraction, was conducted. The biometric data of children in each study group were gathered using the IOL Master and Pentacam.
The study recruited 14 patients in the intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) group, 17 patients in the laser-treated group, and 13 individuals in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two patient groups regarding gestational age, birth weight, and age. In the IVB group, 50% of patients were myopic, compared to 52.9% in the laser-treated group. The incidence of high myopia was significantly higher in the laser-treated group ( 0.001). In the non-myopic group, changes in refractive error were solely related to changes in axial length ( = 0.003). However, in the myopic group, changes in refractive error were significantly associated with changes in anterior chamber depth ( 0.001), lens thickness ( 0.001), and axial length ( = 0.018). Furthermore, myopic children in the ROP group had significantly shorter axial lengths, shallower anterior chambers, thicker lenses, and steeper corneas compared to the control group (all 0.001).
Eyes with a history of ROP treatment, whether myopic or non-myopic, should be considered distinct entities. In patients who have undergone ROP treatment and have not developed myopia, changes in refractive error are primarily influenced by alterations in axial length, rather than changes in the anterior segment. Furthermore, children with myopia and a history of treatment for ROP (either IVB or laser) exhibit different biometric changes compared to myopic children without a history of ROP treatment, further underscoring their unique characteristics.
本研究旨在评估接受过早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）治疗的儿童中导致近视的生物特征改变，并将这些变化与足月近视儿童中观察到的变化进行比较。
招募接受过ROP治疗的儿童，并根据其治疗方法进行分类。还纳入了一组年龄匹配、无ROP治疗史的近视患者。收集完整的围产期病史，并进行全面的眼科检查，包括散瞳验光。使用IOL Master和Pentacam收集各研究组儿童的生物特征数据。
研究招募了玻璃体内注射贝伐单抗（IVB）组的14例患者、激光治疗组的17例患者和对照组的13例个体。两组患者在胎龄、出生体重和年龄方面无显著差异。IVB组中50%的患者为近视，激光治疗组为52.9%。激光治疗组高度近视的发生率显著更高（P<0.001）。在非近视组中，屈光不正的变化仅与眼轴长度的变化相关（P = 0.003）。然而，在近视组中，屈光不正的变化与前房深度的变化（P<0.001）、晶状体厚度的变化（P<0.001）和眼轴长度的变化（P = 0.018）显著相关。此外，与对照组相比，ROP组的近视儿童眼轴长度显著更短、前房更浅、晶状体更厚、角膜更陡（均P<0.001）。
有ROP治疗史的眼睛，无论近视与否，都应被视为不同的个体。在接受过ROP治疗但未发生近视的患者中，屈光不正的变化主要受眼轴长度改变的影响，而非前段的变化。此外，与无ROP治疗史的近视儿童相比，有近视且有ROP治疗史（IVB或激光治疗）的儿童表现出不同的生物特征变化，进一步强调了他们的独特特征。
