Ling Zhicheng, Xu Yuying, Tao Minmin, Zhang Binbin, Zhang Meng, Zhang Zhiding, DA Xiaoya, Liu Xinmin, Huang Long
College of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
J Glob Health. 2025 Jul 21;15:04167. doi: 10.7189/jogh.15.04167.
Frontline construction workers are generally faced with risk factors such as alcoholism, smoking, and being far away from home, which pose a great threat to their mental health. However, this issue has not yet attracted significant attention form the global community. For this reason, we examined depression, anxiety, and stress levels among construction workers in China and identified their key risk factors, such as education, occupational tenure, geographical mobility, physical well-being, COVID-19 status, insomnia, and alcohol dependency.
We conducted an online survey using validated scales, including the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, Insomnia Severity Index Scale, Alcohol Dependence Scale, Family-work Conflict Scale, Leadership Support Scale, Workplace Exclusion Scale, and Proactive Personality Scale.
We analysed 912 valid responses (790 males, 122 females; mean age = 36.35 years (standard deviation = 10.11). Depression, anxiety, and stress levels were significantly influenced by age, education, work-related injuries, COVID-19 status, insomnia, alcohol dependence, workplace exclusion, and work-family conflict among construction workers (all P-values < 0.05). The regression analysis showed that work-family conflict, workplace exclusion, alcohol dependence, and insomnia were positively associated with depression (P < 0.001), while proactive personality and leadership support were negatively associated with depression (all P-values <0.05). Similarly, physical health, workplace exclusion, alcohol dependence, and insomnia were positively associated with anxiety (all P-values <0.001). Additionally, having a proactive personality negatively influenced depression (P < 0.001). Anxiety positively predicted physical health issues (P < 0.001), workplace exclusion (P < 0.001), alcohol dependence (P < 0.001), and insomnia (P < 0.001), whereas leadership support reduced anxiety levels (P = 0.01).
Mental health risks among construction workers are linked to work and personal factors, including insomnia, alcohol dependence, workplace exclusion, and work-family conflict. Employers should implement targeted interventions to improve the work environment, leadership support, and social support systems to enhance the workers' mental well-being.
一线建筑工人通常面临酗酒、吸烟和远离家乡等风险因素，这些因素对他们的心理健康构成了巨大威胁。然而，这个问题尚未引起国际社会的重大关注。因此，我们调查了中国建筑工人的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平，并确定了他们的关键风险因素，如教育程度、职业任期、地域流动性、身体健康状况、新冠疫情状况、失眠和酒精依赖。
我们使用经过验证的量表进行了一项在线调查，这些量表包括抑郁、焦虑和压力量表、失眠严重程度指数量表、酒精依赖量表、工作-家庭冲突量表、领导支持量表、工作场所排斥量表和积极人格量表。
我们分析了912份有效回复（790名男性，122名女性；平均年龄 = 36.35岁（标准差 = 10.11））。建筑工人的年龄、教育程度、工伤、新冠疫情状况、失眠、酒精依赖、工作场所排斥和工作-家庭冲突对抑郁、焦虑和压力水平有显著影响（所有P值 < 0.05）。回归分析表明，工作-家庭冲突、工作场所排斥、酒精依赖和失眠与抑郁呈正相关（P < 0.001），而积极人格和领导支持与抑郁呈负相关（所有P值 < 0.05）。同样，身体健康、工作场所排斥、酒精依赖和失眠与焦虑呈正相关（所有P值 < 0.001）。此外，积极人格对抑郁有负面影响（P < 0.001）。焦虑正向预测身体健康问题（P < 0.001）、工作场所排斥（P < 0.001）、酒精依赖（P < 0.001）和失眠（P < 0.001），而领导支持降低了焦虑水平（P = 0.01）。
建筑工人的心理健康风险与工作和个人因素有关，包括失眠、酒精依赖、工作场所排斥和工作-家庭冲突。雇主应实施有针对性的干预措施，以改善工作环境、领导支持和社会支持系统，从而提高工人的心理健康水平。
