Hintersatz Christian, Rojas Luis Antonio, Wei Sean Ting-Shyang, Kutschke Sabine, Thewes Angela, Lehmann Falk, Jain Rohan, Pollmann Katrin
Department of Biotechnology, Helmholtz-Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Chemistry, Universidad Católica del Norte, Av. Angamos 0610, 1270398, Antofagasta, Chile.
Extremophiles. 2025 Jul 21;29(2):31. doi: 10.1007/s00792-025-01399-x.
The Atacama Desert, one of the most extreme environments on our planet, harbors a plethora of unique microbial communities adapted to the harsh conditions of the habitat. In this study, strain ATCH4, a novel Gram-stain-negative, curved rod-shaped bacterium, was isolated from the Llamara salt pan, located in the Atacama Desert in the north of Chile. ATCH4 was capable of growth within a range of 3-12% (w/v) NaCl, 4-40 °C, and pH 6-9. Comparative 16S rRNA analysis placed the strain within the genus Idiomarina, with its closest related type species being I. loihiensis, I. ramblicola, and I. abyssalis. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of several genes linked to halophilicity as well as unique metabolic pathways, including the ability to synthesize C5 and C10-C20 isoprenoids, which may contribute to the isolate's survival in hypersaline conditions. The observed isoprenoid biosynthesis pathways suggest potential applications in various biotechnological fields, including the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and other valuable chemicals. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness, average nucleotide identity, and several phenotypic and chemotaxonomic markers clearly indicate that strain ATCH4 represents a novel species of the genus Idiomarina, for which the designation Idiomarina aminovorans sp. nov. (type strain ATCH4 = DSM 114475 = LMG 32710) is proposed.
阿塔卡马沙漠是地球上最极端的环境之一，拥有大量适应该栖息地恶劣条件的独特微生物群落。在本研究中，从位于智利北部阿塔卡马沙漠的利亚马拉盐沼中分离出了菌株ATCH4，这是一种新型革兰氏阴性、弯曲杆状细菌。ATCH4能够在3-12%（w/v）NaCl、4-40°C和pH 6-9的范围内生长。比较16S rRNA分析将该菌株归入嗜异菌属，与其亲缘关系最近的模式种为洛氏嗜异菌、兰氏嗜异菌和深渊嗜异菌。基因组分析揭示了几个与嗜盐性相关的基因以及独特的代谢途径，包括合成C5和C10-C20类异戊二烯的能力，这可能有助于该分离株在高盐条件下生存。观察到的类异戊二烯生物合成途径表明其在各种生物技术领域具有潜在应用，包括生物燃料、药物和其他有价值化学品的生产。DNA-DNA相关性水平、平均核苷酸同一性以及几个表型和化学分类标记清楚地表明，菌株ATCH4代表嗜异菌属的一个新物种，为此提议将其命名为嗜氨基嗜异菌（Idiomarina aminovorans sp. nov.）（模式菌株ATCH4 = DSM 114475 = LMG 32710）。
