Monte Daniel F M, Harrell Erin, Harden Lyndy, Thakur Siddhartha
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 22;15(1):26520. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02972-2.
The rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella enterica poses a significant public health threat, particularly through the dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes such as bla. This study investigated the prevalence, resistance profiles, and genomic characteristics of S. enterica isolates from retail poultry products in North Carolina, collected between 2020 and 2024. Among 132 isolates representing 25 serovars, 14 were identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains harboring bla. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that these isolates belonged to three serovars-S. Infantis (n = 11), S. I -:r:1,5 (n = 2), and S. Senftenberg (n = 1)-with associated sequence types ST32 and ST14. Genomic analyses identified additional resistance determinants, including quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) mutations, and a range of mobile genetic elements, such as IncFIB(pN55391) plasmids. The genetic environment of bla was conserved, with IS1380-bla-IS5 structures, highlighting its mobility potential. Phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates clustered by serovar, with strong associations to international lineages. These findings emphasize the ongoing clonal dissemination of bla and MDR Salmonella in the food supply chain, necessitating enhanced surveillance and mitigation strategies to curb the spread of resistance genes in food production environments.
肠炎沙门氏菌中抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的上升对公共卫生构成了重大威胁，尤其是通过传播bla等超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）基因。本研究调查了2020年至2024年期间在北卡罗来纳州零售家禽产品中分离出的肠炎沙门氏菌菌株的流行情况、耐药谱和基因组特征。在代表25个血清型的132株分离株中，有14株被鉴定为携带bla的多重耐药（MDR）菌株。全基因组测序显示，这些分离株属于三个血清型——婴儿沙门氏菌（n = 11）、S. I -:r:1,5（n = 2）和森夫滕贝格沙门氏菌（n = 1），与相关序列类型ST32和ST14有关。基因组分析确定了其他耐药决定因素，包括喹诺酮耐药决定区（QRDR）突变，以及一系列移动遗传元件，如IncFIB(pN55391)质粒。bla的遗传环境是保守的，具有IS1380-bla-IS5结构，突出了其移动潜力。系统发育分析表明，分离株按血清型聚类，与国际谱系有很强的关联。这些发现强调了bla和多重耐药沙门氏菌在食品供应链中持续的克隆传播，需要加强监测和缓解策略，以遏制耐药基因在食品生产环境中的传播。
