Zhang Xin, Li ShiNing, Lv Yujin, Liu XinYu, Ao Yong, Zhong LeQi, Hu Yi
Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Division of Minimally Invasive Interventional, Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
BMC Med Genomics. 2025 Jul 21;18(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s12920-025-02192-7.
Many early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients experience recurrence or metastasis after surgery, and the efficacy of targeted therapies remains suboptimal, significantly impacting the prognosis of these patients. Our study aims to investigate the impact of SCGB3A1 on the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients and its role in immunity. We propose that SCGB3A1 may offer a novel treatment approach for lung adenocarcinoma patients who do not respond well to targeted therapies.
We obtained RNA sequencing data from 539 lung adenocarcinoma samples, 59 normal tissues, and 2 metastatic cancer tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Using Venn diagrams, we analyzed the expression of SCGB3A1 and other differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different patient groups. Additionally, we performed another Venn diagram analysis to explore the association between SCGB3A1 and immune-related genes. We investigated the relationship between SCGB3A1 expression and patient clinical-pathological data and prognosis. Furthermore, through GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analyses, we explored the functional roles of SCGB3A1 and its association with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint genes. The role of SCGB3A1 in LUAD was investigated by cytological experiments.
The results indicated that SCGB3A1 is associated with both prognosis and immunity. In lung adenocarcinoma, SCGB3A1 may function as a tumor suppressor gene. The high-expression group of SCGB3A1 exhibited a better prognosis and more pronounced immune cell infiltration. Additionally, SCGB3A1 was associated with smoking status and tumor size. A multivariate Cox regression model suggested that SCGB3A1 expression, pathological type, and ethnicity independently impact patient prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that SCGB3A1 was related to tumor progression, cell proliferation, and immune suppression. Furthermore, ssGSEA analysis revealed that SCGB3A1 expression is associated with immune cell infiltration and tumor-related immune genes. Experimental validation suggested that the overexpression of SCGB3A1 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD.
In summary, this study investigated the association between SCGB3A1 and the prognosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. The findings revealed that SCGB3A1 is related to immune cell infiltration and tumor-related immune gene expression, which may provide insights into the role of SCGB3A1 in immunotherapy. The cytological experiments indicate that SCGB3A1 is a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.
许多早期肺腺癌患者术后会出现复发或转移，且靶向治疗的疗效仍不理想，这对这些患者的预后产生了重大影响。我们的研究旨在探讨SCGB3A1对肺腺癌患者预后的影响及其在免疫中的作用。我们提出，SCGB3A1可能为对靶向治疗反应不佳的肺腺癌患者提供一种新的治疗方法。
我们从癌症基因组图谱数据库中获取了539例肺腺癌样本、59例正常组织和2例转移癌组织的RNA测序数据。使用维恩图，我们分析了不同患者组中SCGB3A1和其他差异表达基因（DEG）的表达情况。此外，我们进行了另一项维恩图分析，以探讨SCGB3A1与免疫相关基因之间的关联。我们研究了SCGB3A1表达与患者临床病理数据及预后之间的关系。此外，通过GO、KEGG和GSEA富集分析，我们探讨了SCGB3A1的功能作用及其与免疫细胞浸润和免疫检查点基因的关联。通过细胞学实验研究了SCGB3A1在肺腺癌中的作用。
结果表明，SCGB3A1与预后和免疫均相关。在肺腺癌中，SCGB3A1可能作为一种肿瘤抑制基因发挥作用。SCGB3A1高表达组显示出更好的预后和更明显的免疫细胞浸润。此外，SCGB3A1与吸烟状态和肿瘤大小有关。多变量Cox回归模型表明，SCGB3A1表达、病理类型和种族独立影响患者预后。功能富集分析表明，SCGB3A1与肿瘤进展、细胞增殖和免疫抑制有关。此外，单样本基因集富集分析（ssGSEA）显示，SCGB3A1表达与免疫细胞浸润和肿瘤相关免疫基因有关。实验验证表明，SCGB3A1的过表达抑制了肺腺癌的细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭。
总之，本研究调查了SCGB3A1与早期肺腺癌预后之间的关联。研究结果表明，SCGB3A1与免疫细胞浸润和肿瘤相关免疫基因表达有关，这可能为SCGB3A1在免疫治疗中的作用提供见解。细胞学实验表明，SCGB3A1是肺腺癌的一个潜在治疗靶点。
