Shereef Nermeen-, Abass Marwa, Tolba Emad, Ragab Wafaa, Rizk Awad, Karrouf Gamal
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2025 Aug;113(8):e35607. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.35607.
Infection remains a critical challenge in wound healing, often delaying recovery and complicating the case. The widespread misuse of antibiotics has further exacerbated this issue by driving antibiotic resistance, creating an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the potential effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) combined with Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) as a solution to overcome these barriers. By employing a comprehensive approach, the effect of these materials was evaluated through histopathological, immunohistochemical, and bacteriological analyses, alongside macroscopic observations, which included body weight, wound size, and contraction assessment. Fifty-four male adult Albino Wistar rats were used in this study. A full-thickness circular Staphylococcus aureus-infected skin wound of a 23 mm diameter was induced in all rats. After 3 days, these rats were divided into 3 groups according to the treatment protocol: the infected group (treatment with normal saline 0.9%), the CMC group (treatment with CMC alone), and the CMC/ZnONPs group (treatment with CMC/ZnONPs gel). Rats were then euthanized, and samples were collected for histopathology and immunohistochemistry on days 7, 14, and 21 postoperatively. Swabs were taken from the wounds for bacterial examination on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, and 21st postoperatively. Although the CMC alone enhanced the wound healing, the combination of the CMC and the ZnONPs demonstrates a significantly superior effect by enhancing angiogenesis, reducing inflammation, and accelerating re-epithelialization. Additionally, for CMC to achieve an effective antibacterial effect, it must be applied four times daily, whereas the CMC/ZnONPs gel requires only twice-daily application. Therefore, the incorporation of ZnONPs appears essential for CMC to exert effective antibacterial activity.
感染仍然是伤口愈合中的一项严峻挑战，常常会延迟康复并使病情复杂化。抗生素的广泛滥用导致了抗生素耐药性，进一步加剧了这一问题，因此迫切需要替代治疗策略。本研究调查了氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnONPs）与羧甲基纤维素（CMC）联合使用作为克服这些障碍的解决方案的潜在效果。通过采用综合方法，通过组织病理学、免疫组织化学和细菌学分析以及宏观观察（包括体重、伤口大小和收缩评估）来评估这些材料的效果。本研究使用了54只成年雄性白化Wistar大鼠。在所有大鼠身上诱导出直径为23毫米的全层圆形金黄色葡萄球菌感染皮肤伤口。3天后，根据治疗方案将这些大鼠分为3组：感染组（用0.9%生理盐水治疗）、CMC组（仅用CMC治疗）和CMC/ZnONPs组（用CMC/ZnONPs凝胶治疗）。然后对大鼠实施安乐死，并在术后第7天、第14天和第21天收集样本进行组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查。在术后第2天、第7天、第14天和第21天从伤口采集拭子进行细菌检查。虽然单独使用CMC可促进伤口愈合，但CMC与ZnONPs联合使用通过增强血管生成、减轻炎症和加速再上皮化表现出显著更优的效果。此外，CMC要达到有效的抗菌效果，必须每天应用4次，而CMC/ZnONPs凝胶仅需每天应用2次。因此，ZnONPs的加入似乎是CMC发挥有效抗菌活性所必需的。
