De Schacht Caroline, Capitine Igor Ubisse, Lucas Carlota, Muteerwa Ana, Paulo Paula, Manhiça Alvaro, Padama Fernando, Belo Celso, Nhampossa Leonildo, Matsinhe Graça, Yu Zhihong, Wester C William
Centro Pela Saúde Global (C-Saúde), Evaluations Department, Maputo, Mozambique.
Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique.
Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 22;80(Supplement_1):S66-S77. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf054.
Mozambique implemented a phased roll-out of COVID-19 vaccination in 2021. This study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among higher-risk populations in Zambézia Province.
A mixed-methods study in Zambézia Province assessed knowledge, perceptions, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination. Structured questionnaire-based surveys among community health workers/volunteers, taxi drivers, and persons with HIV; and focus group discussions using semi-structured guides with community/religious leaders, adults aged 18-49 years and adults aged 50+ years were conducted in August-September 2021. Surveys were captured using tablets; group discussions were recorded. Univariate analyses were performed for quantitative data; qualitative data were analyzed thematically.
A total of 731 individuals participated (539 survey respondents; 192 discussion respondents); 53% male (n = 386) and 74% urban (n = 544) residents. Most had heard about COVID-19 vaccines, mainly through television and/or radio. Trustworthy information sources mentioned were community leaders and healthcare providers. Among survey respondents, 249/539 (46%) reported having received at least 1 vaccine dose. Motivators for vaccination mentioned by survey respondents were "belief that vaccines protect themselves" (72%), "belief it would protect their family" (17%). Myths and beliefs, misinformation, and long queues were main barriers for vaccination mentioned in group discussions. Participants suggested that campaigns should focus on communication talks led by health professionals, in partnership with community or church leaders and/or community health workers/volunteers.
This study showed that information on COVID-19 vaccination had successfully reached the vast majority of study participants, mainly via radio and television. Targeted campaigns specific for rural and urban contexts can increase awareness and uptake of vaccination.
莫桑比克于2021年分阶段推出新冠疫苗接种计划。本研究旨在评估赞比西亚省高危人群对新冠疫苗的接受程度。
在赞比西亚省开展了一项混合方法研究，以评估对新冠疫苗接种的知识、认知和接受程度。于2021年8月至9月对社区卫生工作者/志愿者、出租车司机和艾滋病毒感染者进行了基于结构化问卷的调查；并使用半结构化指南与社区/宗教领袖、18至49岁成年人以及50岁以上成年人进行了焦点小组讨论。调查通过平板电脑进行记录；小组讨论进行了录音。对定量数据进行单变量分析；对定性数据进行主题分析。
共有731人参与（539名调查受访者；192名讨论受访者）；53%为男性（n = 386），74%为城市居民（n = 544）。大多数人听说过新冠疫苗，主要是通过电视和/或广播。提到的可靠信息来源是社区领袖和医疗服务提供者。在调查受访者中，249/539（46%）报告至少接种了一剂疫苗。调查受访者提到的接种疫苗的动机是“相信疫苗能保护自己”（72%），“相信疫苗能保护家人”（17%）。在小组讨论中提到的接种疫苗的主要障碍是谣言和观念、错误信息以及长队。参与者建议，宣传活动应侧重于由卫生专业人员牵头，并与社区或教会领袖和/或社区卫生工作者/志愿者合作开展的宣传讲座。
本研究表明，关于新冠疫苗接种的信息已主要通过广播和电视成功传达给了绝大多数研究参与者。针对农村和城市背景的有针对性的宣传活动可以提高对疫苗接种的认识和接种率。
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