de Macedo Klautau Alex Garcia Cavalleiro, Cordeiro Ana Patricia Barros, das Chagas Rafael Anaisce, Dos Santos Wagner Cesar Rosa, Marceniuk Alexandre Pires, da Nóbrega Priscila Sousa Vilela, Martinelli-Lemos Jussara Moretto, Cintra Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto, de Castro Nathalia Santos Serrão, Bastos Carlos Eduardo Matos Carvalho, de Almeida Alves-Junior Flávio, da Costa Pinheiro Larissa, Bentes Bianca
Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio)/National Center for Research and Conservation of the Marine Biodiversity of Northern Brazil (CEPNOR), Belem, 66635110, Brazil.
Federal Rural University of Amazon (UFRa)/Socio-Environmental and Water Resources Institute (ISARH), Belem, 66635110, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 22;15(1):26681. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11261-x.
The Amazon Continental Shelf (ACS) stretches for more than 2500 km along the coast of northern Brazil, where it is influenced directly by the discharge of the Amazon River, which deposits enormous quantities of organic matter at its mouth. Despite the extraordinary importance of this region, it is still among the least-studied sectors of the Brazilian coast. The present study, which is based on the data generated by the continuous monitoring conducted by the National Center for Research and Conservation of the Marine Biodiversity of Northern Brazil (CEPNOR/ICMBio) and the systematic review of the databases of reference collections, provides the most comprehensive inventory of the marine biodiversity of the ACS compiled up to now. A total of 3286 species were identified, 1247 more than previous studies, including primarily bony fish (28%) microorganisms (15%) and molluscs (14%). Considering the conservation status of the species, 67 of which are threatened at some level according to the list of endangered species in Brazil, mainly cartilaginous fish (40%), bony fish (31%) and seabirds (11%). The results of the present study reveal hotspots of biodiversity, especially near offshore oilfields and fishing grounds, raising concerns about the potential impact of human activity in the region. These findings emphasize the need for systematic ecosystem management combined with continuous monitoring, to mitigate these threats to the biodiversity of the ACS, while also reinforcing the importance of integrating scientific and conservation efforts to protect this unique, but vulnerable biome.
亚马逊大陆架（ACS）沿着巴西北部海岸绵延超过2500公里，该地区直接受到亚马逊河径流的影响，亚马逊河在河口处沉积了大量有机物。尽管该地区极为重要，但它仍是巴西海岸研究最少的区域之一。本研究基于巴西北部海洋生物多样性国家研究与保护中心（CEPNOR/ICMBio）进行的持续监测所产生的数据以及对参考馆藏数据库的系统综述，提供了截至目前编制的关于ACS海洋生物多样性最全面的清单。共识别出3286个物种，比之前的研究多出1247种，主要包括硬骨鱼（28%）、微生物（15%）和软体动物（14%）。考虑到物种的保护状况，根据巴西濒危物种清单，其中67种在某种程度上受到威胁，主要是软骨鱼（40%）、硬骨鱼（31%）和海鸟（11%）。本研究结果揭示了生物多样性热点地区，特别是在近海油田和渔场附近，这引发了人们对该地区人类活动潜在影响的担忧。这些发现强调了需要进行系统的生态系统管理并结合持续监测，以减轻对ACS生物多样性的这些威胁，同时也强化了整合科学和保护工作以保护这个独特但脆弱的生物群落的重要性。
