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用于航空发动机叶片尖端间隙精密监测的耐高温谐振腔微波传感器

High-temperature resistant resonant cavity microwave sensor for precision blade tip clearance monitoring in aeroengines.

作者信息

Sun Haolin

机构信息

Beijing Institute of Technology School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing, 100081, China.

Changcheng Institute of Metrology & Measurement (CIMM), Beijing, 100095, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 22;15(1):26659. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11570-1.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-11570-1
PMID:40695976
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12284185/
Abstract

In the aerospace field, accurate measurement of the blade tip clearance of aeroengines is highly important for enhancing engine performance and ensuring flight safety. Existing measurement techniques, such as capacitive, inductive, and optical methods, have limitations in terms of stability, application range, or tolerance to complex environments. Moreover, the problem of sensor performance degradation in high-temperature environments has not been effectively resolved. This study aims to design a high-temperature resistant microwave blade tip clearance sensor to overcome these limitations. The sensor structure is designed on the basis of the resonant cavity principle and electromagnetic field theory. The sensor has a radiation efficiency of 97% near 24 GHz, a reflection coefficient as low as 0.01, good measurement resolution within the 0-6 mm clearance measurement range, and the impact of changes in the dielectric constant at high temperatures on its performance is controllable. This research provides a new solution for the measurement of aeroengine blade tip clearance, improving the stability and reliability of the measurement.

摘要

在航空航天领域，精确测量航空发动机的叶尖间隙对于提高发动机性能和确保飞行安全至关重要。现有的测量技术，如电容式、电感式和光学方法，在稳定性、应用范围或对复杂环境的耐受性方面存在局限性。此外，高温环境下传感器性能退化的问题尚未得到有效解决。本研究旨在设计一种耐高温微波叶尖间隙传感器，以克服这些局限性。该传感器结构基于谐振腔原理和电磁场理论设计。该传感器在24GHz附近的辐射效率为97%，反射系数低至0.01，在0-6mm间隙测量范围内具有良好的测量分辨率，并且高温下介电常数变化对其性能的影响可控。本研究为航空发动机叶尖间隙测量提供了一种新的解决方案，提高了测量的稳定性和可靠性。

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本文引用的文献

1
A Novel Blade Vibration Monitoring Experimental System Based on Blade Tip Sensing.一种基于叶尖传感的新型叶片振动监测实验系统。
Materials (Basel). 2022 Oct 8;15(19):6987. doi: 10.3390/ma15196987.
2
A Blade Tip Timing Method Based on a Microwave Sensor.一种基于微波传感器的叶片尖端定时方法。
Sensors (Basel). 2017 May 11;17(5):1097. doi: 10.3390/s17051097.