Sağcan Gülseren, Erel Kirişoğlu Ceyda
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Acibadem Univesity School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jul 18;104(29):e43464. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000043464.
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the extent of pulmonary impairment associated with initial clinical parameters remained controversial. The notion is valuable for the recovery and prognosis of COVID-19. This study investigated the long-term pulmonary sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, focusing on pulmonary function and clinical parameters during the 3 months after diagnosis. This is a retrospective, single-center observational study of 229 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and made the 3rd-month follow-up visit between June 2020 and May 2021. The demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and treatment outcomes were recorded. The obstructive, restrictive pulmonary dysfunction patterns were analyzed to associate with the radiological findings, disease severity, and clinical parameters. The median age of the patients was 46 years. The most common residual symptoms were dyspnea (38%), dry cough (34.5%), and fatigue (29.4%). The obstructive and restrictive pulmonary dysfunction patterns were observed in 38.9% and 2.2% of the patients, respectively. Two-fifth of patients had some form of pulmonary dysfunction. A significant rate (35.8%) of patients had reduced diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide values. Obstructive pulmonary dysfunction was more common among older patients, whereas hypertension was more common among patients with extended hospital stays. Long-term pulmonary dysfunction was a frequent complication in patients recovering from severe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Understanding these long-term effects is essential for providing appropriate medical care for COVID-19 survivors. Therefore, further research is needed to elucidate the postinfection changes in the lung.
在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情期间，与初始临床参数相关的肺损伤程度仍存在争议。这一概念对COVID-19的康复和预后具有重要意义。本研究调查了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2感染的长期肺部后遗症，重点关注诊断后3个月内的肺功能和临床参数。这是一项回顾性、单中心观察性研究，研究对象为229例COVID-19检测呈阳性且在2020年6月至2021年5月期间进行了第3个月随访的患者。记录了患者的人口统计学和临床特征以及治疗结果。分析了阻塞性、限制性肺功能障碍模式与放射学表现、疾病严重程度和临床参数之间的关联。患者的中位年龄为46岁。最常见的残留症状为呼吸困难（38%）、干咳（34.5%）和疲劳（29.4%）。分别有38.9%和2.2%的患者观察到阻塞性和限制性肺功能障碍模式。五分之二的患者存在某种形式的肺功能障碍。相当比例（35.8%）的患者一氧化碳弥散量值降低。阻塞性肺功能障碍在老年患者中更为常见，而高血压在住院时间延长的患者中更为常见。长期肺功能障碍是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2感染康复患者的常见并发症。了解这些长期影响对于为COVID-19幸存者提供适当的医疗护理至关重要。因此，需要进一步研究以阐明感染后肺部的变化。
