Kato Takahiro, Kato Miki, Nagashiba Kazuyo, Takeuchi Masayuki, Onishi Masafumi
Department of Pharmacy, Aichi Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute city, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.
Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2025 Jul 7;19:100635. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100635. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Japanese pharmacists aim to improve efficiency and communication by simplifying work processes and developing protocols. While assistants and robots have been shown to improve drug dispensing, reports on the efficiency of pharmacies with automated dispensing systems are limited. This study explores factors affecting pharmacist efficiency in dispensing.
77Daily reports from our hospital pharmacy (December 1, 2020-November 30, 2021) were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome was the mean duration of drug dispensing. Multiple regression analyses identified factors affecting dispensing time. Strategies to address these factors were implemented, and outcomes were evaluated using data from December 1, 2021-November 30, 2022.
Univariate analysis identified that the prescription/pharmacist ratio, number of one-dose package (ODP) prescriptions, and powdered drugs significantly influenced dispensing time. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the prescription/pharmacist ratio ( < 0.001), ODP prescriptions (p < 0.001), and powdered drugs ( = 0.02) were key factors. A higher number of ODP prescriptions generally increased dispensing time. After implementing a new strategy for checking ODP, mean dispensing time decreased from 20.0 ± 4.0 to 18.5 ± 3.6 min (p < 0.001), and the percentage of tasks completed in under 20 min increased from 56.3 % to 73.6 % (p < 0.001). Dispensing times were reduced without changing staffing levels by reallocating tasks.
Optimizing the ODP verification workflow enhances dispensing efficiency without increasing pharmacist workload, highlighting the importance of prioritizing ODP prescriptions and implementing support tools for final checks, while further multicenter studies are needed to confirm these findings across diverse settings.
日本药剂师旨在通过简化工作流程和制定方案来提高效率和改善沟通。虽然助手和机器人已被证明可提高药品调配效率，但关于配备自动调配系统的药房效率的报告有限。本研究探讨影响药剂师调配效率的因素。
回顾性分析我院药房2020年12月1日至2021年11月30日的77份每日报告。主要结果是药品调配的平均时长。多元回归分析确定影响调配时间的因素。实施应对这些因素的策略，并使用2021年12月1日至2022年11月30日的数据评估结果。
单因素分析确定处方/药剂师比例、单剂量包装（ODP）处方数量和散剂显著影响调配时间。多因素分析证实处方/药剂师比例（<0.001）、ODP处方（p<0.001）和散剂（=0.02）是关键因素。ODP处方数量增加通常会延长调配时间。实施新的ODP核对策略后，平均调配时间从20.0±4.0分钟降至18.5±3.6分钟（p<0.001），20分钟内完成任务的百分比从56.3%增至73.6%（p<0.001）。通过重新分配任务，在不改变人员配备水平的情况下减少了调配时间。
优化ODP核查工作流程可提高调配效率而不增加药剂师工作量，突出了优先处理ODP处方和实施最终核对支持工具的重要性，同时需要进一步开展多中心研究以在不同环境中证实这些发现。
