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保护性农业下作物轮作多样化和家畜整合对地上节肢动物动态的影响

Effects of Crop Rotation Diversification and Livestock Integration on Above-Ground Arthropod Dynamics Under Conservation Agriculture.

作者信息

Louw Amandrie, Strauss Johann, Addison Pia

机构信息

Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland Stellenbosch South Africa.

Western Cape Department of Agriculture Elsenburg South Africa.

出版信息

Ecol Evol. 2025 Jul 21;15(7):e71788. doi: 10.1002/ece3.71788. eCollection 2025 Jul.

DOI:10.1002/ece3.71788
PMID:40698336
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12279553/
Abstract

Diversification through integrating diverse crop species and livestock is key to enhancing above-ground arthropod diversity and promoting the sustainability of cropping systems within conservation agriculture (CA) in South Africa. This study compared two crop rotation treatments, A (Wheat-Wheat-Wheat-Wheat) and G (Canola-Medics-Wheat-Medics), as part of a long-term CA trial conducted in a wheat-producing region of South Africa. For crop rotation system G, each phase of the rotation sequence was represented in separate plots annually. Surface-dwelling arthropods were sampled using pitfall traps, while plant-dwelling arthropods were captured through sweep-net sampling. These methods comprehensively assessed above-ground arthropod diversity 90 days after crop emergence. The results showed that crop rotation diversification positively influenced arthropod diversity, though the effects varied depending on the arthropod group and sampling position. Ground-dwelling arthropods exhibited less pronounced differences between crop rotation systems, whereas plant-dwelling arthropods displayed more crop-specific variations. Analysis of individual arthropod orders revealed that the effects of crop rotation diversification varied across different arthropod groups. Our findings emphasize the importance of examining multiple arthropod groups to understand diversification's impacts fully within CA farming systems.

摘要

通过整合不同的作物品种和牲畜实现多样化，是增强南非保护性农业（CA）中地上节肢动物多样性以及促进种植系统可持续性的关键。本研究比较了两种作物轮作处理方式，A（小麦-小麦-小麦-小麦）和G（油菜-苜蓿-小麦-苜蓿），这是在南非一个小麦产区进行的长期保护性农业试验的一部分。对于作物轮作系统G，轮作序列的每个阶段每年都在单独的地块中呈现。地表节肢动物通过陷阱诱捕法进行采样，而植株上的节肢动物则通过扫网采样法捕获。这些方法在作物出苗90天后全面评估了地上节肢动物的多样性。结果表明，作物轮作多样化对节肢动物多样性有积极影响，不过影响因节肢动物类别和采样位置而异。地栖节肢动物在作物轮作系统之间的差异不太明显，而植株上的节肢动物则表现出更多特定作物的变化。对单个节肢动物目进行分析发现，作物轮作多样化的影响在不同节肢动物群体中各不相同。我们的研究结果强调了在保护性农业种植系统中，检查多个节肢动物群体以充分了解多样化影响的重要性。

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