Chang Yuan, Chen Yanting, Wei Yuquan, Miao Nannan, Kang Zitong, Zhang Yifan, Nghiem Long D, Johir M A H, Guo Yanbin, Qiao Yuhui, Shi Xiong, Li Ji
College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Sep;392:126667. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126667. Epub 2025 Jul 22.
Amid rising organic waste pressures, biochar derived from thermochemical conversion of biomass has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing compost quality and promoting sustainable soil management. This study evaluated five biochars derived from kitchen waste, pig manure, sewage sludge, distillers' grains, and biogas residue for their effects on compost performance, humification, and the soil-plant system. Composting and pot experiments were conducted to evaluate humification, soil nutrient availability, and plant responses. Results showed that biochar feedstock strongly affected composting humification process. Biogas residue biochar (BRB), with the highest specific surface area (26.48 m g), significantly enhanced compost maturity, particularly increasing the humification index by 3.72-fold. Parallel factor analysis indicated that BRB significantly enhanced the structural complexity of humus, increasing the combined proportion of humic-like and fulvic-like acids by 8.26 %. Application of 8 % pig manure biochar-amended compost significantly improved soil nutrient availability (available phosphorus, 8.55-fold) and boosted plant biomass (5.89-fold). Partial least squares path modeling analysis revealed that dose-dependent benefits of composting application, with moderate doses directly enhancing root development via biochar and humic substances, while higher doses acted indirectly by improving soil nutrients and properties. These findings highlight the feedstock-specific regulatory effects of biochar on compost quality and soil improvement, offering insights for developing tailored biochar-compost products for sustainable agricultural applications.
在有机废弃物压力不断上升的背景下，通过生物质热化学转化得到的生物炭已成为提高堆肥质量和促进土壤可持续管理的一种有前景的工具。本研究评估了源自厨余垃圾、猪粪、污水污泥、酒糟和沼渣的五种生物炭对堆肥性能、腐殖化以及土壤-植物系统的影响。进行了堆肥和盆栽试验以评估腐殖化、土壤养分有效性和植物反应。结果表明，生物炭原料对堆肥腐殖化过程有强烈影响。沼渣生物炭（BRB）具有最高的比表面积（26.48 m²/g），显著提高了堆肥成熟度，特别是使腐殖化指数提高了3.72倍。平行因子分析表明，BRB显著提高了腐殖质的结构复杂性，使类腐殖酸和类富里酸的总比例增加了8.26%。施用8%猪粪生物炭改良的堆肥显著提高了土壤养分有效性（有效磷提高了8.55倍）并促进了植物生物量（提高了5.89倍）。偏最小二乘路径建模分析表明，堆肥施用具有剂量依赖性效益，中等剂量通过生物炭和腐殖物质直接促进根系发育，而高剂量则通过改善土壤养分和性质间接发挥作用。这些发现突出了生物炭对堆肥质量和土壤改良的原料特异性调节作用，为开发用于可持续农业应用的定制生物炭-堆肥产品提供了见解。
