Rong Hong, Wang Chengrun, Shi Zurong, Tong Qianqian, Zhao Lijuan
School of Biological Engineering/Institute of Digital Ecology and Health, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, China.
Sci Prog. 2025 Jul-Sep;108(3):368504251362300. doi: 10.1177/00368504251362300. Epub 2025 Jul 23.
The widespread use of benzotriazole (BTA) has raised concerns about its potential risks to living organisms. However, the toxic effects of BTA on plants remain unclear. Thus, leaves of rice seedlings were employed as the tested materials in the current experiments. The objective was to investigate the toxicological effects of BTA on the photosynthesis and antioxidant systems in rice seedlings. The rice seedlings at the four-leaf stage were subjected to treatments by adding BTA into the nutrient solutions. The tested concentrations of BTA were set at 0, 1.5, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L. The results showed that 1.5 mg/L BTA increased chlorophyll (Chl) content and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), accompanied by upregulation of , , and genes. In contrast, 5 to 10 mg/L BTA stimulated excessive generation of superoxide anion (O·), enhanced the activities of NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) isozymes, and reduced Chl content, Pn, and stomatal conductance (Gs). Simultaneously, such treatments suppressed the expression of , and genes. In addition, compared to the control, the products of 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70) were apparently enhanced with the increase of BTA. This study demonstrated that the effects of BTA on the photosynthesis and antioxidant systems of rice seedlings exhibited a concentration-dependent response, with low concentrations (1.5 mg/L) improving photosynthesis, while high concentrations (5 to 10 mg/L) induced oxidative stress and photosynthetic damage. Furthermore, the activation of SOD and CAT isozymes, along with HSP70 induction, may contribute to mitigating BTA toxicity.
苯并三唑（BTA）的广泛使用引发了人们对其对生物体潜在风险的担忧。然而，BTA对植物的毒性作用仍不清楚。因此，在当前实验中采用水稻幼苗叶片作为受试材料。目的是研究BTA对水稻幼苗光合作用和抗氧化系统的毒理学效应。对四叶期的水稻幼苗进行在营养液中添加BTA的处理。BTA的受试浓度设定为0、1.5、2.5、5和10 mg/L。结果表明，1.5 mg/L BTA增加了叶绿素（Chl）含量和净光合速率（Pn），同时上调了 、 、 和 基因。相反，5至10 mg/L BTA刺激超氧阴离子（O·）过度产生，增强了NADPH氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）同工酶的活性，并降低了Chl含量、Pn和气孔导度（Gs）。同时，这种处理抑制了 、 和 基因的表达。此外，与对照相比，70 kDa热休克蛋白（HSP70）的产物随着BTA浓度的增加而明显增强。本研究表明，BTA对水稻幼苗光合作用和抗氧化系统的影响呈现浓度依赖性反应，低浓度（1.5 mg/L）可改善光合作用，而高浓度（5至10 mg/L）则诱导氧化应激和光合损伤。此外，SOD和CAT同工酶的激活以及HSP70的诱导可能有助于减轻BTA的毒性。
