Huang Liheng, Luo Dehong
College of Education Sciences, Huaihua University, Huaihua, China.
Wulingshan K-12 Educational Research Center at Huaihua University, Huaihua, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jul 9;13:1550541. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1550541. eCollection 2025.
Unintentional injuries are a leading public health concern for children, particularly in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries. Guardians are important in injury prevention, yet few studies have systematically examined guardian-related factors in rural areas of China. This study investigates the association between guardian-related factors and unintentional injuries among children in Hunan Province and proposes a three-stage prevention strategy.
A mixed-methods approach was used. Study I adopted a quantitative design, collecting data through electronic questionnaires from 432 guardians of primary school children across five cities in Hunan Province. Logistic regression and chi-square analyses were performed using statistical software (SPSS) to assess associations between guardian-related factors and unintentional injuries among children. Study II used a qualitative approach, interviewing 30 guardians from 15 counties using a semi-structured guide. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo software, followed by Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis. Findings were synthesized using the Haddon Matrix to develop three-stage preventive measures.
Study I revealed that guardians who implemented injury prevention measures were less likely to report child injuries (OR = 0.463, ). However, most guardians lacked consistent preventive actions. Study II identified four key factors contributing to unintentional injuries among children in rural areas: hazardous environmental, inadequate safety education for guardians, children's behaviors, and lack of regulatory and systemic safety infrastructure in rural areas.
Guardian-related factors significantly influence the prevention of unintentional injuries among rural children. By integrating quantitative and qualitative evidence within the Haddon Matrix model, this study proposes three-stage (pre-, during- and post-injury) preventive measures to reduce risks and enable a theory-driven injury prevention strategy.
意外伤害是儿童面临的主要公共卫生问题，在低收入和中等收入国家的农村地区尤为突出。监护人在预防伤害方面起着重要作用，但很少有研究系统地考察中国农村地区与监护人相关的因素。本研究调查了湖南省儿童中与监护人相关的因素与意外伤害之间的关联，并提出了一个三阶段预防策略。
采用混合方法。研究一采用定量设计，通过电子问卷从湖南省五个城市的432名小学生监护人中收集数据。使用统计软件（SPSS）进行逻辑回归和卡方分析，以评估与监护人相关的因素与儿童意外伤害之间的关联。研究二采用定性方法，使用半结构化指南对来自15个县的30名监护人进行访谈。使用NVivo软件进行主题分析，随后进行科莱齐的现象学分析。利用哈顿矩阵综合研究结果，制定三阶段预防措施。
研究一表明，实施伤害预防措施的监护人报告儿童受伤的可能性较小（OR = 0.463）。然而，大多数监护人缺乏一致的预防行动。研究二确定了导致农村地区儿童意外伤害的四个关键因素：危险环境、监护人安全教育不足、儿童行为以及农村地区缺乏监管和系统性安全基础设施。
与监护人相关的因素对农村儿童意外伤害的预防有显著影响。通过在哈顿矩阵模型中整合定量和定性证据，本研究提出了三阶段（伤害前、伤害中和伤害后）预防措施，以降低风险并形成一个理论驱动的伤害预防策略。
