Smith R J, Parker L A
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985 Oct;23(4):583-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(85)90422-8.
Three experiments were conducted in order to determine the pattern of behavioral conditioned responses (CRs) elicited by flavors paired with each of various drugs which effectively establish avoidance of a flavored solution. Each of the drugs employed supported both chin rub CRs and avoidance of a flavored solution. Experiment 1 employed apomorphine, a classic emetic agent which pharmacologically acts as a dopaminergic agonist. Experiment 2 and 3 employed cholinergic agonists and antagonists which were either peripherally or both peripherally and centrally acting agents. The results suggest that chin rub CRs may be produced by means of the activation of a system which is peripheral to the CNS. Furthermore, flavor avoidance produced by drugs which support chin rub CRs may be mediated by a shift in the hedonic rating of the flavored solution; whereas, flavor avoidance produced by drugs which do not support chin rub CRs is probably mediated by a mechanism other than a hedonic shift.
为了确定与各种药物配对的味道引发的行为条件反应(CRs)模式,进行了三项实验,这些药物能有效建立对有味道溶液的回避反应。所使用的每种药物都既支持擦下巴CRs,又支持对有味道溶液的回避反应。实验1使用了阿扑吗啡,一种经典的催吐剂,其药理作用是多巴胺能激动剂。实验2和3使用了胆碱能激动剂和拮抗剂,它们要么是外周作用药物,要么是外周和中枢都起作用的药物。结果表明,擦下巴CRs可能是通过激活中枢神经系统外周的一个系统产生的。此外,支持擦下巴CRs的药物产生的味道回避可能是由有味道溶液的享乐评级变化介导的;而不支持擦下巴CRs的药物产生的味道回避可能是由享乐变化以外的机制介导的。