Rezakhani Leila, Salimi Zahra, Zarei Fatemeh, Moradpour Farshad, Khazaei Mohammad Rasool, Khazaei Mozafar, Pourjalili Maryam
Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Ewha Med J. 2023 Oct;46(4):e17. doi: 10.12771/emj.2023.e17. Epub 2023 Oct 31.
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by memory impairment, dementia, and diminished cognitive function. This disease affects more than 20 million people worldwide. Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are important pathological markers of AD. Multiple studies have indicated a potential association between elevated cholesterol levels and increased risk of AD, suggesting that lowering the cholesterol level could be a viable strategy for AD treatment or prevention. Statins, potent inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, are widely used in clinical practice to decrease the plasma levels of LDL cholesterol in patients with hyperlipidemia. Statins are known to play a neuroprotective role in limiting Aβ pathology through cholesterol-lowering therapies. In addition to Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the brains of AD patients exhibit signs of oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory responses, and synaptic disruption. Consequently, compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and/or neuroprotective properties could be beneficial components of AD treatment strategies. In addition to lowering LDL cholesterol, statins have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in various forms, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. These properties of statins are potential mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects in treating neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this review was conducted to provide an overview of the protective effects of statins against AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其特征为记忆障碍、痴呆和认知功能减退。这种疾病在全球影响着超过2000万人。β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）斑块和神经原纤维缠结（NFTs）是AD的重要病理标志物。多项研究表明，胆固醇水平升高与AD风险增加之间存在潜在关联，这表明降低胆固醇水平可能是治疗或预防AD的可行策略。他汀类药物是胆固醇合成的强效抑制剂，在临床实践中广泛用于降低高脂血症患者的血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。已知他汀类药物通过降低胆固醇的疗法在限制Aβ病理方面发挥神经保护作用。除了Aβ斑块和神经原纤维缠结外，AD患者的大脑还表现出氧化应激、神经炎症反应和突触破坏的迹象。因此，具有抗氧化、抗炎和/或神经保护特性的化合物可能是AD治疗策略的有益组成部分。除了降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇外，他汀类药物还表现出多种形式的治疗效果，包括抗氧化、抗炎和神经保护作用。他汀类药物的这些特性是其在治疗神经退行性疾病中产生有益作用的潜在机制。因此，本综述旨在概述他汀类药物对AD的保护作用。
