Kratochvílová Darina, Cajthaml Jiří
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Geomatics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, Prague, 166 29, Czech Republic.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 24;15(1):26994. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-12235-9.
Old large-scale maps are a very valuable source of historical data and have a place in landscape studies, especially when researching smaller areas, such as municipalities or cadastres, where they allow work at the level of land parcels. The purpose of this study was to verify the positional accuracy of large-scale maps used in landscape analyses and to test the possibility of eliminating the influence of positional inconsistency of map sources on the results of analyses. The achieved values of the mean positional errors for the historical data models from the mid-19th and mid-20th centuries are in the range of three to four metres for the model areas, which is highly accurate considering the scale values of the old maps used, confirming the suitability of these maps for landscape studies. Narrow residual polygons, referred to as sliver polygons, arise during overlay operations because of positional errors in old maps can affect the results of the analysis. Different methods for removing sliver polygons were proposed and tested by comparing the selected results of the spatiotemporal analysis. The methods reduced the false change areas, which was most evident in the change maps. The change maps after using the appropriate method better reflected the true changes.
旧的大比例尺地图是非常有价值的历史数据来源，在景观研究中占有一席之地，尤其是在研究较小区域时，比如自治市或地籍区，在这些区域中，它们能让研究者在地块层面开展工作。本研究的目的是验证用于景观分析的大比例尺地图的位置精度，并测试消除地图来源位置不一致对分析结果影响的可能性。19世纪中叶和20世纪中叶历史数据模型的平均位置误差在模型区域的取值范围为三到四米，考虑到所使用旧地图的比例尺数值，这是非常精确的，证实了这些地图适用于景观研究。在叠加操作过程中，由于旧地图中的位置误差，会出现狭窄的残留多边形，即细长多边形，这可能会影响分析结果。通过比较时空分析的选定结果，提出并测试了不同的去除细长多边形的方法。这些方法减少了虚假变化区域，这在变化地图中最为明显。使用适当方法后的变化地图能更好地反映真实变化。
