Liu Mingyuan, Sui Changrun, Zhao Wenyu, Fan Chonghui, Zhang Yao, Qiu Zhujun, Wang Yuqing, Zhang Qian, Liu Ying
Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (Dalian Ocean University) Ministry of Education, Dalian, 116023, China.
School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116082, China.
Microbiome. 2025 Jul 24;13(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s40168-025-02160-4.
As an invasive species, Pomacea canaliculata exerts significant adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. It can infect native freshwater snails, such as Cipangopaludina chinensis, by secreting pathogens, leading to increased stress and mortality. Gut microbiota play a crucial role in the survival and adaptation of gastropods, significantly influencing their health and resistance to environmental stressors. By comparing the gut microbiota composition and metabolic profiles between resistant (RE) and sensitive (SE) populations of C. chinensis, this study aims to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota in enhancing the survival of C. chinensis under the invasion pressure from P. canaliculata. And the mechanisms were further explored through gut microbiota transplantation, horizontal and vertical transmission experiments, and field studies. Video Abstract RESULTS: Our findings reveal that RE individuals exhibit greater gut microbiota diversity and a higher abundance of core microbiota, including Psychrobacter, Comamonas, and Pseudomonas, which are correlated with enhanced host survival in the presence of pathogen infections. Analysis of metabolite composition demonstrate that antibiotics and immunological enhancers are the main metabolites, which significantly enhance the host's resistance to pathogen infections. Notably, these core gut microbiota can be transmitted both horizontally and vertically, allowing C. chinensis populations to acquire resistance to the invasion of P. canaliculata. The SE group is enriched in pathogens, such as Mycoplasma. Following the transplantation of RE gut microbiota, SE individuals exhibited improved survival rates and core microbiota abundance. The vital role of core microbiota in maintaining the survival rate of C. chinensis was further confirmed in the field studies.
This study highlights the crucial interactions between the gut microbiota and the host's adaptability, offering valuable insights for native species in response of invasive species pressure.
福寿螺作为一种入侵物种，对水生生态系统产生了重大负面影响。它可以通过分泌病原体感染本地淡水螺，如中华圆田螺，导致其应激增加和死亡率上升。肠道微生物群在腹足类动物的生存和适应中起着关键作用，对它们的健康和抵抗环境应激源的能力有显著影响。通过比较中华圆田螺抗性（RE）和敏感（SE）种群之间的肠道微生物群组成和代谢谱，本研究旨在阐明肠道微生物群在增强中华圆田螺在福寿螺入侵压力下的生存能力方面的作用。并通过肠道微生物群移植、水平和垂直传播实验以及田间研究进一步探索其机制。视频摘要结果：我们的研究结果表明，RE个体表现出更高的肠道微生物群多样性和更高丰度的核心微生物群，包括嗜冷杆菌属、丛毛单胞菌属和假单胞菌属，这些微生物群与宿主在病原体感染时增强的生存能力相关。代谢物组成分析表明，抗生素和免疫增强剂是主要代谢物，它们显著增强了宿主对病原体感染的抵抗力。值得注意的是，这些核心肠道微生物群可以水平和垂直传播，使中华圆田螺种群获得对福寿螺入侵的抗性。SE组富含病原体，如支原体。在移植RE肠道微生物群后，SE个体的存活率和核心微生物群丰度有所提高。田间研究进一步证实了核心微生物群在维持中华圆田螺存活率方面的重要作用。
本研究强调了肠道微生物群与宿主适应性之间的关键相互作用，为本地物种应对入侵物种压力提供了有价值的见解。
