Meresa Desalegn, Berhe Gebretsadik, Tadesse Kidane, Gebru Muuz, Gebrezgabiher Gebremedhin
School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jul 24;44(1):267. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-01021-y.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a significant challenge to the national tuberculosis (TB) control program in Ethiopia. The Tigray region in northern Ethiopia has shown a surge in the incidence of DR-TB cases. However, the determinants of DR-TB in the region are not studied. This study is aimed at identifying the factors associated with the development of DR-TB in the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia.
The study used an unmatched case-control design to identify determinants of DR-TB in the Tigray region, northern Ethiopia, whereby 86 patients and 86 controls who registered for TB treatment follow-up in selected hospitals were recruited. Trained nurses collected both primary and secondary data, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The test statistics was conducted with a 95% confidence level, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
The study included 86 patients with DR-TB (cases) and an equal number of patients with drug-susceptible (controls). The case and control groups had 38 (44.2%) and 47 (54.7%) males, respectively. The study revealed the study participants with male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.2-19.9), single marital status (AOR = 13.6, 95% CI: 2.3-81.2), history of TB treatment (AOR = 58.2, 95% CI: 11.2-302.1), experienced a delay of more than 60 days before TB diagnosis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.2-19.3), interrupted treatment at least once (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.02-23.9), and unsuccessful treatment outcome at first treatment (AOR = 7.6, 95% CI: 1.8-35.9) had a higher risk of DR-TB.
The study highlights determinants of DR-TB in the region, including gender, marital status, delayed diagnosis (over 60 days), previous treatment history, interrupted treatment, and unsuccessful treatment outcomes during initial treatment. It is recommended that healthcare providers focus on targeted interventions, such as supporting males and unmarried individuals, ensuring early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment, improving treatment adherence, and providing tailored support for patients with histories of incomplete treatment and unsuccessful initial treatment outcomes.
耐多药结核病（DR-TB）是埃塞俄比亚国家结核病控制规划面临的一项重大挑战。埃塞俄比亚北部的提格雷地区耐多药结核病病例的发病率呈激增态势。然而，该地区耐多药结核病的决定因素尚未得到研究。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷地区耐多药结核病发生发展的相关因素。
本研究采用非匹配病例对照设计来确定埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷地区耐多药结核病的决定因素，招募了在选定医院登记接受结核病治疗随访的86例患者和86例对照。经过培训的护士收集了初级和二级数据，并使用描述性统计和二元逻辑回归进行分析。检验统计以95%的置信水平进行，p值小于0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
该研究纳入了86例耐多药结核病患者（病例组）和数量相等的药物敏感结核病患者（对照组）。病例组和对照组分别有38名（44.2%）和47名（54.7%）男性。研究显示，男性（调整优势比[AOR]=4.9，95%置信区间[CI：1.2 - 19.9]）、单身婚姻状况（AOR = 13.6，95% CI：2.3 - 81.2）、有结核病治疗史（AOR = 58.2，95% CI：11.2 - 302.1）、结核病诊断前延误超过60天（AOR = 4.8，95% CI：1.2 - 19.3）、至少中断治疗一次（AOR = 4.9，95% CI：1.02 - 23.9）以及首次治疗时治疗结果不佳（AOR = 7.6，95% CI：1.8 - 35.9）的研究参与者患耐多药结核病的风险更高。
该研究突出了该地区耐多药结核病的决定因素，包括性别、婚姻状况、诊断延误（超过60天）、既往治疗史、治疗中断以及初始治疗期间治疗结果不佳。建议医疗服务提供者关注有针对性的干预措施，如为男性和未婚者提供支持、确保早期诊断和及时开始治疗、提高治疗依从性，以及为有不完全治疗史和初始治疗结果不佳的患者提供量身定制的支持。
