Oster Christoph, Matyar Aylin, Schmidt Teresa, Hummel Thomas, Hattingen Elke, Jokisch Martha, Jokisch Daniel, Grieger Jana, Cappello Giorgio, Kizina Kathrin, Lazaridis Lazaros, Ahmadipour Yahya, Rauschenbach Laurèl, Stuschke Martin, Pöttgen Christoph, Guberina Nika, Tertel Tobias, Giebel Bernd, Dreizner Gian Luca, Barbato Francesco, Skoda Eva-Maria, Scheffler Björn, Müther Michael, Herrmann Ken, Kleinschnitz Christoph, Sure Ulrich, Deuschl Cornelius, Glas Martin, Kebir Sied
Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Division of Clinical Neuro-Oncology, University Medicine Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Germany, DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Medicine Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Neurol Res Pract. 2025 Jul 24;7(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s42466-025-00410-2.
Olfactory impairment is common in glioblastoma and has been associated with unfavorable overall survival. However, prior studies were limited by imbalances in key prognostic factors and the absence of longitudinal olfactory assessments to evaluate treatment-related neurotoxicity. The aim of the study is to determine whether olfactory function serves as an independent prognostic marker for survival, neurocognitive outcomes, and quality of life in glioblastoma.
Prospective, multicenter cohort study enrolling 64 glioblastoma patients and 64 matched healthy controls. Patients are stratified by extent of resection, O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase promoter methylation, radiographic involvement of olfactory regions, baseline olfactory status, age, and Karnofsky performance status. Olfactory function is assessed serially using Sniffin' Sticks (identification and threshold tests) from diagnosis through treatment. Coronal T2- and T1-weighted MRI scans are reviewed independently by two blinded neuroradiologists to detect olfactory region involvement. Neurocognitive testing, psychosocial screening, and quality of life assessments are conducted at defined intervals. Next-generation sequencing from tumor tissue is employed to explore molecular underpinnings of hyposmia. Blood samples are collected in every study visit for potential parallel translational studies.
This is the first longitudinal study evaluating olfactory function as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma. Findings may inform risk stratification, guide neuroprotective strategies, and improve survivorship care.
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06954636, date of registration 04-16-2025 (retrospectively registered); https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06954636?cond=glioblastoma&intr=olfactory&rank=1 .
嗅觉障碍在胶质母细胞瘤中很常见，并且与不良的总生存期相关。然而，先前的研究受到关键预后因素不平衡以及缺乏纵向嗅觉评估以评估治疗相关神经毒性的限制。本研究的目的是确定嗅觉功能是否可作为胶质母细胞瘤患者生存、神经认知结局和生活质量的独立预后标志物。
一项前瞻性、多中心队列研究，纳入64例胶质母细胞瘤患者和64例匹配的健康对照。患者根据切除范围、O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶启动子甲基化、嗅觉区域的影像学受累情况、基线嗅觉状态、年龄和卡氏功能状态进行分层。从诊断到治疗期间，使用嗅棒（识别和阈值测试）对嗅觉功能进行连续评估。两名盲法神经放射科医生独立复查冠状位T2加权和T1加权MRI扫描，以检测嗅觉区域受累情况。在规定的时间间隔进行神经认知测试、社会心理筛查和生活质量评估。采用肿瘤组织的下一代测序技术探索嗅觉减退的分子基础。每次研究访视时采集血样，用于潜在的平行转化研究。
这是第一项评估嗅觉功能作为胶质母细胞瘤预后生物标志物的纵向研究。研究结果可能为风险分层提供信息，指导神经保护策略，并改善生存护理。
ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT06954636，注册日期2025年4月16日（追溯注册）；https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06954636?cond=glioblastoma&intr=olfactory&rank=1 。
