Su Yan, Gao Youhe
Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jul 10;12:1571846. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1571846. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the effects of different edible oils on the rat body, we analyzed alterations in the urinary proteome and post-translational modifications (PTMs) following a one-week intake of olive oil, butter, lard, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and rapeseed oil.
Thirty male Wistar rats (7 weeks old, ~200 g) were randomly allocated into six groups ( = 5 per group). Group A served as the control group, while groups B-F were administered different edible oils. The daily intakes were calculated, respectively, according to the "2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans" and the "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents." Urine samples collected after 1 week were analyzed using label-free quantitative proteomics via LC-MS/MS. Differentially expressed proteins and differential post-translational modifications in the urinary proteome were screened for functional analysis.
All edible oil groups exhibited significant alterations in metabolic pathways, with distinct proteomic profiles observed across oil types, but there were few common differentially expressed proteins among different groups. In addition, the olive oil group and the butter group were enriched with many biological pathways related to the nervous system, and the rapeseed oil group produced more differentially expressed proteins and biological pathways related to immunity.
The urinary proteome of rats showed significant changes after one-week intake of edible oils, and the effects of various edible oils on the rat urinary proteome were different from each other. This effect is comprehensive and multi-dimensional at the level of the rat body. The changes in post-translational modifications of the proteome were relatively small.
为研究不同食用油对大鼠机体的影响，我们分析了大鼠在分别摄入橄榄油、黄油、猪油、氢化植物油和菜籽油一周后的尿蛋白质组变化及翻译后修饰（PTM）情况。
将30只雄性Wistar大鼠（7周龄，约200 g）随机分为6组（每组n = 5）。A组作为对照组，B - F组分别给予不同的食用油。每日摄入量分别根据《2015 - 2020年美国膳食指南》和《中国居民膳食指南》进行计算。收集1周后的尿液样本，通过液相色谱 - 串联质谱（LC - MS/MS）采用无标记定量蛋白质组学方法进行分析。筛选尿蛋白质组中差异表达的蛋白质和差异翻译后修饰进行功能分析。
所有食用油组在代谢途径上均表现出显著变化，不同油类的蛋白质组谱不同，但不同组间几乎没有共同的差异表达蛋白质。此外，橄榄油组和黄油组富含许多与神经系统相关的生物学途径，菜籽油组产生了更多与免疫相关的差异表达蛋白质和生物学途径。
大鼠摄入食用油一周后尿蛋白质组显示出显著变化，各种食用油对大鼠尿蛋白质组的影响彼此不同。这种影响在大鼠机体水平上是全面且多维度的。蛋白质组翻译后修饰的变化相对较小。
