痴呆症患者黑人家庭照顾者的细胞衰老、感知压力与心脏代谢疾病风险之间的关系。
Relationship between cellular aging, perceived stress, and cardiometabolic disease risk in Black family caregivers of persons with dementia.
作者信息
Watson Jordan, Buchi Emily, Higgins Melinda K, Glasgow Glenna S Brewster, Trammell Antoine R, Herring Christopher, Wharton Whitney, Gary Rebecca A, Hepburn Kenneth, Dunbar Sandra B, Butts Brittany
机构信息
Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Jul;21(7):e70518. doi: 10.1002/alz.70518.
BACKGROUND
Informal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) face significant physical and psychological demands. Chronic caregiving is linked to mental health challenges, poor cardiovascular health, and accelerated cellular aging, reflected in telomere shortening, with Black caregivers disproportionately affected.
METHODS
This secondary analysis used data from Black caregivers from a randomized control trial. Telomere length was measured by qPCR. Questionnaires assessed perceived stress, sleep, depression, anxiety, and coping strategies. Salivary cortisol, inflammatory, and cardiometabolic biomarkers were measured. Pearson correlations and linear regression analyses controlled for demographic and health factors.
RESULTS
Shorter telomeres were linked to stress, poor sleep, inflammation, and cardiometabolic markers. Perceived stress was associated with negative coping strategies, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.
DISCUSSION
More research is needed to uncover mechanisms linking caregiver stress to cardiovascular health, guiding tailored interventions to reduce stress and improve cardiovascular health in Black caregivers of persons with ADRD.
HIGHLIGHTS
Chronic stress in Black caregivers: Chronic caregiving stress was linked to accelerated cellular aging, inflammation, and poor cardiometabolic health. Perceived stress associations: Higher perceived stress was associated with negative coping strategies, poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and reduced telomere length. Telomere length and cardiometabolic risk: Shorter telomere length was significantly associated with elevated cardiometabolic risk markers, including insulin resistance and increased blood pressure. Need for interventions: Findings emphasize the importance of culturally tailored interventions aimed at reducing stress and mitigating health risks in Black caregivers of persons living with Alzheimer's disease.
背景
阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症（ADRD）患者的非正式照料者面临着巨大的身体和心理需求。长期照料与心理健康挑战、心血管健康不佳以及细胞衰老加速有关，这在端粒缩短中有所体现，黑人照料者受到的影响尤为严重。
方法
这项二次分析使用了来自一项随机对照试验中黑人照料者的数据。通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）测量端粒长度。问卷调查评估了感知压力、睡眠、抑郁、焦虑和应对策略。测量了唾液皮质醇、炎症和心脏代谢生物标志物。皮尔逊相关性分析和线性回归分析对人口统计学和健康因素进行了控制。
结果
较短的端粒与压力、睡眠不佳、炎症和心脏代谢标志物有关。感知压力与消极应对策略、焦虑和抑郁症状相关。
讨论
需要更多研究来揭示照料者压力与心血管健康之间的联系机制，以指导制定针对性的干预措施，减轻患有ADRD患者的黑人照料者的压力并改善其心血管健康。
要点
黑人照料者的慢性压力：长期照料压力与细胞衰老加速、炎症和心脏代谢健康不佳有关。感知压力的关联：更高的感知压力与消极应对策略、睡眠质量差、焦虑、抑郁以及端粒长度缩短有关。端粒长度与心脏代谢风险：较短的端粒长度与心脏代谢风险标志物升高显著相关，包括胰岛素抵抗和血压升高。干预的必要性：研究结果强调了针对文化特点制定干预措施的重要性，旨在减轻患有阿尔茨海默病患者的黑人照料者的压力并降低健康风险。
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