Morabito Maria Juliana Sismeiro Dias, Nunes Gabriel Pereira, Ervolino Edilson, Nagata Maria José Hitomi, Neto Francisco Nunes de Souza, de Camargo Emerson Rodrigues, Delbem Alberto Carlos Botazzo
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil.
Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2025 Aug;113(8):e35623. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.35623.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of nanocomposite materials, specifically sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) nanoparticles decorated with 2.5% silver nanoparticles (AgNP), incorporated into polyamide-6 (Pa6) polymeric matrices on bone repair in surgically created critical-size defects in rat calvaria. Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups based on the treatment received: control group (C)-blood clot; Pa6-AgNP; and Pa6-TMP-AgNP. A 5 mm diameter defect was created in the calvaria of each animal. In Group C, the defect was filled with blood clots only, while the other groups were filled with scaffolds containing Pa6-AgNP and Pa6-TMP-AgNP. After 30 days post-surgery, the animals were euthanized, and microtomographic, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The area of newly formed bone was calculated as a percentage of the total area of the original defect, and immunostaining for TGFβ-1, BMP-2/4, and OCN was assessed. Intergroup analysis revealed that the Pa6-TMP-AgNP group exhibited a greater volume of newly formed bone, while the Pa6-AgNP group showed a significantly increased bone formation compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry indicated that the Pa6-TMP-AgNP and Pa6-AgNP groups showed high and moderate immunostaining for TGFβ-1 and OCN, respectively. Additionally, the Pa6-TMP-AgNP group had a higher number of BMP-2/4 positive cells compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). Based on these results, it can be concluded that Pa6-TMP-AgNP provides a biological response conducive to bone neoformation, exhibiting osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties when used to fill critical-size defects in rat calvaria.
本研究的目的是评估纳米复合材料，特别是用2.5%银纳米颗粒（AgNP）修饰的三聚偏磷酸钠（TMP）纳米颗粒，掺入聚酰胺-6（Pa6）聚合物基质中对大鼠颅骨手术造成的临界尺寸缺损骨修复的影响。18只雄性Wistar大鼠根据接受的治疗分为三组：对照组（C）-血凝块；Pa6-AgNP组；和Pa6-TMP-AgNP组。在每只动物的颅骨上制造一个直径5毫米的缺损。在C组中，缺损仅填充血凝块，而其他组填充含有Pa6-AgNP和Pa6-TMP-AgNP的支架。术后30天，对动物实施安乐死，并进行显微断层扫描、组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学分析。计算新形成骨的面积占原始缺损总面积的百分比，并评估TGFβ-1、BMP-2/4和OCN的免疫染色。组间分析显示，Pa6-TMP-AgNP组新形成骨的体积更大，而Pa6-AgNP组与对照组相比，骨形成明显增加（p<0.05）。免疫组织化学表明，Pa6-TMP-AgNP组和Pa6-AgNP组分别对TGFβ-1和OCN显示高和中度免疫染色。此外，与其他组相比，Pa6-TMP-AgNP组BMP-2/4阳性细胞数量更多（p<0.001）。基于这些结果，可以得出结论，Pa6-TMP-AgNP提供了有利于骨新形成的生物学反应，在用于填充大鼠颅骨临界尺寸缺损时表现出骨诱导和骨传导特性。
