Niu Renjie, Shao Jintian, Wu Mingnan, Liu Chang, Chao Jie
School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 20;15(7):398. doi: 10.3390/bios15070398.
Single-molecule optical signal detection provides high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of biomolecules and chemical substances, which is of significant importance in fields such as biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and materials science. In recent years, DNA-based plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as powerful tools for achieving single-molecule optical signal detection due to their unique self-assembly properties and excellent optical performance. In particular, DNA origami technology enables the precise construction of metallic nanostructures with specific shapes and functions, which can effectively enhance the interaction between light and matter, thereby significantly increasing signal intensity and detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the programmability of DNA not only simplifies the implementation of single-molecule operations but also allows researchers to design and optimize nanostructures according to specific detection requirements. This review will explore the applications of DNA-based plasmonic nanostructures in single-molecule optical signal detection, including surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and enhanced fluorescence for single-molecule signal detection. We will analyze their working principles, advantages, current research progress, and future research directions. By summarizing the work in this field, we hope to provide references and insights for researchers, contributing to the advancement of biomedicine and environmental monitoring.
单分子光信号检测为生物分子和化学物质的检测提供了高灵敏度和特异性，这在生物医学、环境监测和材料科学等领域具有重要意义。近年来，基于DNA的等离子体纳米结构因其独特的自组装特性和优异的光学性能，已成为实现单分子光信号检测的强大工具。特别是，DNA折纸技术能够精确构建具有特定形状和功能的金属纳米结构，可有效增强光与物质之间的相互作用，从而显著提高信号强度和检测灵敏度。此外，DNA的可编程性不仅简化了单分子操作的实施，还使研究人员能够根据特定的检测要求设计和优化纳米结构。本综述将探讨基于DNA的等离子体纳米结构在单分子光信号检测中的应用，包括用于单分子信号检测的表面增强拉曼光谱和增强荧光。我们将分析它们的工作原理、优势、当前研究进展以及未来研究方向。通过总结该领域的工作，我们希望为研究人员提供参考和见解，推动生物医学和环境监测的发展。
