Association of outcome with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in hospitalized patients with congestive heart failure: a retrospective analysis.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association between the Non-HDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and all-cause mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and to determine whether NHHR levels influence the prognosis of CHF patients.

METHODS

The study participants were stratified based on the quartiles of NHHR. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves, multivariate Cox regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were employed to determine whether the prognosis of CHF patients varied according to NHHR levels.

RESULTS

Our study included 2156 patients, of whom 274 (12.7%) died during hospitalization, 337 (15.6%) within 28 days, 480 (22.3%) within 90 days, and 665 (30.8%) within one year. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a distinct U-shaped association between NHHR levels and mortality in CHF patients, characterized by an initial rapid decline followed by a gradual increase in mortality risk. Notably, patients in the lowest NHHR quartile (Q1) demonstrated significantly elevated 28-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality rates (all P < 0.01, as confirmed by the Log-rank test) compared to the lower three quartiles, as confirmed by log-rank tests. Following the adjustment for confounding variables, multivariate Cox regression analysis established a substantial correlation between NHHR and all-cause mortality in CHF patients.

CONCLUSION

A virtually U-shaped link exists between NHHR and all-cause mortality in CHF patients, and further study is needed to corroborate this finding.