O'Donoghue Patrick, Heinemann Ilka U
Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
IUBMB Life. 2025 Jul;77(7):e70041. doi: 10.1002/iub.70041.
By ligating amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs), the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) establish the genetic code in all living cells. This special issue of IUBMB Life is dedicated to the IUBMB Focused Meeting on AARSs in 2023 and includes 12 original research articles and reviews that demonstrate some of the significant advances in AARS biology that were featured at the meeting. The articles focus on the role of AARS variants in human disease, molecular evolution of AARSs, synthetic biology applications involving AARSs, and the roles of AARSs and tRNAs in regulating protein synthesis. Together these studies reveal an expanded understanding of the function of AARSs in diverse cells and organisms and the application of these discoveries to biotechnology and medicine.
通过将氨基酸连接到其对应的转运RNA（tRNA）上，氨酰-tRNA合成酶（AARS）在所有活细胞中建立了遗传密码。本期《IUBMB生命》特刊致力于2023年IUBMB关于AARS的聚焦会议，包含12篇原创研究文章和综述，展示了会议上AARS生物学的一些重大进展。这些文章聚焦于AARS变体在人类疾病中的作用、AARS的分子进化、涉及AARS的合成生物学应用，以及AARS和tRNA在调节蛋白质合成中的作用。这些研究共同揭示了对AARS在不同细胞和生物体中的功能有了更广泛的理解，以及这些发现如何应用于生物技术和医学领域。
