Ward P A, Charman W N
Vision Res. 1985;25(9):1317-26. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(85)90047-1.
Experiments are described in which monocular accommodation response/stimulus curves were measured with Snellen targets over the stimulus range from +1.0 to -5.0 D, using artificial pupils with diameters of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm and a constant retinal illuminance of 600 td. The results agree with those of earlier authors in showing a diminished response with smaller pupils. The slopes of the quasi-linear central portions of the response/stimulus curves are well described in terms of a geometrical optical approximation in which the accommodation system works to produce a retinal blur circle whose diameter is a linear function of the dioptric difference between the magnitudes of the stimulus and the accommodative resting state, this blur circle diameter being independent of the pupil diameter. Further consideration of diffractive effects suggests that contrast changes in the intermediate spatial frequency components (approximately 5 c/deg) of the retinal image may play a dominant role in guiding the response.
本文描述了一些实验，在这些实验中，使用直径为1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5和3.0毫米的人工瞳孔以及600 td的恒定视网膜照度，通过斯内伦视力表视标在+1.0至-5.0 D的刺激范围内测量单眼调节反应/刺激曲线。结果与早期作者的结果一致，表明瞳孔越小反应越弱。反应/刺激曲线准线性中心部分的斜率可以用几何光学近似很好地描述，在这种近似中，调节系统的作用是产生一个视网膜模糊圈，其直径是刺激量与调节静息状态量之间的屈光度差的线性函数，这个模糊圈直径与瞳孔直径无关。对衍射效应的进一步考虑表明，视网膜图像中间空间频率成分（约5 c/deg）的对比度变化可能在引导反应中起主导作用。
