Carlson Colin J, Granados Monica, Phelan Alexandra, Ramakrishnan Nithin, Poisot Timothée
Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Creative Commons, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Nat Genet. 2025 Jul 28. doi: 10.1038/s41588-025-02270-7.
Several international legal agreements include an 'access and benefit-sharing' (ABS) mechanism that attaches obligations to the use of genetic sequence data. These agreements are frequently subject to critique on the grounds that ABS is either fundamentally incompatible with the principles of open science, or technically challenging to implement in open scientific databases. Here, we argue that these critiques arise from a misinterpretation of the principles of open science and that both considerations can be addressed by a set of simple principles that link database engineering and governance. We introduce a checklist of six database design considerations, LISTEN: licensed, identified, supervised, transparent, enforced and non-exclusive, which can be readily adopted by both new and existing platforms participating in ABS systems. We also highlight how these principles can act in concert with familiar principles of open science, such as findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) data sharing.
若干国际法律协议包含一种“获取与惠益分享”（ABS）机制，该机制对遗传序列数据的使用附加了义务。这些协议经常受到批评，理由是ABS要么从根本上与开放科学原则不相容，要么在开放科学数据库中实施具有技术挑战性。在此，我们认为这些批评源于对开放科学原则的误解，并且这两个问题都可以通过一套将数据库工程与治理联系起来的简单原则来解决。我们引入了一份包含六个数据库设计考量因素的清单，即LISTEN：许可、标识、监督、透明、执行和非排他性，参与ABS系统的新老平台都可以轻松采用。我们还强调了这些原则如何能与开放科学的常见原则协同发挥作用，比如可查找、可访问、可互操作和可重用（FAIR）的数据共享。
