Almetwally Ehab M, Mabrouk Samah M, Rashed Ahmed S, Nasr Ehsan H
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Physics and Engineering Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 28;15(1):27403. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08231-8.
Water pollution has rapidly developed with industrialization and urbanization, making it difficult to sustain water treatment. Traditional methods are ineffective in removing nanoscale contaminants such as heavy metals and microplastics. The present work proposes a new MHD bioconvective hybrid nanofluid system with gyrotactic microorganisms acting under a permanent magnetic field to improve pollutant distribution and extraction. A mathematical model is formulated by integrating continuity, momentum, energy, nanoparticle concentration, microbial motility, and reaction-diffusion equations. The ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained from the model by means of similarity transformations. Numerical solutions show that combining bioconvection with magnetic control greatly improves pollutant removal efficiency. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion help move nanoparticles. Increasing the Hartmann number slows fluid velocity due to Lorentz forces. At the same time, a higher bioconvection Péclet number encourages an even distribution of bacteria, which helps with pollutant spread. Validation against existing literature confirms the model's correctness. This method provides a sustainable and energy-efficient way to purify water, using microbial dynamics and magnetic control for environmental cleanup.
随着工业化和城市化的快速发展，水污染问题日益严重，使得维持水处理变得困难。传统方法在去除重金属和微塑料等纳米级污染物方面效果不佳。目前的工作提出了一种新的磁流体动力学生物对流混合纳米流体系统，其中趋旋光性微生物在永久磁场作用下改善污染物的分布和提取。通过整合连续性、动量、能量、纳米颗粒浓度、微生物运动性和反应扩散方程建立了一个数学模型。通过相似变换从该模型中得到常微分方程（ODEs）。数值解表明，将生物对流与磁控相结合可大大提高污染物去除效率。热泳和布朗运动有助于纳米颗粒移动。增加哈特曼数会由于洛伦兹力而减缓流体速度。同时，较高的生物对流佩克莱数促进细菌均匀分布，这有助于污染物扩散。与现有文献的验证证实了该模型的正确性。该方法利用微生物动力学和磁控进行环境清理，为水净化提供了一种可持续且节能的方式。
