Yeşilfidan Duygu, Özkan Merve, Adana Filiz
Faculty of Nursing, Department of Public Health Nursing, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Aydın Adnan Menderes University Institute of Health Sciences, Public Health Nursing Doctoral Program PhD Student, Aydın, Turkey.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jul 28;25(1):2561. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24001-7.
The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of women living in urban and rural areas about cervical cancer.
The study was conducted cross-sectionally between May 2024 and December 2024 among women living in rural and urban areas in a province in Western Turkey. The sample of the study consisted of 198 women calculated with the G-Power programme. The data of the study were collected with a questionnaire form consisting of questions about socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to cervical cancer and the Attitude Scale for Early Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer. The necessary permissions were obtained for the conduct of the study. Descriptive statistical analyses, Paired samples t test, Pearson Chi Square, Likelihood Ratio, Binary Logistic Regression tests were used in the statistical evaluation of the study.
It was found that the frequency of being a primary or secondary school graduate was higher among those living in rural areas, whereas the frequency of having a university degree or higher, being employed, and having a father with a high school education was higher among those living in urban areas (p < 0.05). Individuals living in urban areas perceived the benefits of early diagnosis screening more than those living in rural areas (p < 0.05). Individuals living in urban areas are more likely to have regular gynaecological examinations and Pap smear tests than those living in rural areas (p < 0.05). In addition, individuals living in urban areas were found to be more knowledgeable about the transmission routes of HPV (p < 0.05). However, individuals living in rural areas were more aware of the effects of early sexual life and multiple sexual partners (p < 0.05).
These results reveal that there are differences between urban and rural areas in terms of access to health services, utilisation of health services and difference of the content of health services and women's sexual health knowledge. To address these differences, it is recommended that mobile health services be expanded in rural areas, and that HPV screening programs and educational initiatives be broadened. In urban areas, efforts should focus on developing comprehensive awareness programs that go beyond disease prevention to include promotion of healthy sexual behavior and understanding of associated risk factors.
本研究旨在比较城乡女性对宫颈癌的知识、态度和行为。
本研究于2024年5月至2024年12月在土耳其西部某省的城乡女性中进行横断面研究。研究样本由通过G-Power程序计算得出的198名女性组成。研究数据通过一份问卷收集，问卷包含有关社会人口学特征、与宫颈癌相关的知识、态度和行为以及宫颈癌早期诊断态度量表的问题。研究开展获得了必要许可。描述性统计分析、配对样本t检验、Pearson卡方检验、似然比检验、二元逻辑回归检验用于本研究的统计评估。
发现农村地区居民中小学毕业的频率更高，而城市地区居民中拥有大学及以上学历、就业以及父亲受过高中教育的频率更高（p<0.05）。城市地区的居民比农村地区的居民更能认识到早期诊断筛查的益处（p<0.05）。城市地区的居民比农村地区的居民更有可能定期进行妇科检查和巴氏涂片检查（p<0.05）。此外，发现城市地区的居民对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）传播途径的了解更多（p<0.05）。然而，农村地区的居民更了解过早开始性生活和多个性伴侣的影响（p<0.05）。
这些结果表明，城乡在获得卫生服务、利用卫生服务以及卫生服务内容和女性性健康知识方面存在差异。为解决这些差异，建议在农村地区扩大移动卫生服务，并扩大HPV筛查项目和教育举措。在城市地区，应努力开展全面的提高认识项目，不仅包括疾病预防，还包括促进健康的性行为以及对相关风险因素的理解。
