Roșca Ioana, Miulescu Raluca-Gabriela, Roman Alexandra-Maria, Peta Oana-Alexandra, Turenschi Alina, Miu Anca, Sosoi Aurelia, Constantin Andreea Teodora, Năstase Leonard, Miu Sânziana, Dinulescu Alexandru, Poenaru Elena, Șandru Florica
Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Neonatology Department, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology "Prof. Dr. P. Sârbu", 060251 Bucharest, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Jul 16;15(14):1792. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15141792.
: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common vascular tumor in neonates, influenced by multiple prenatal and perinatal factors. This study aimed to identify risk factors in both infants and mothers, assess their link to clinical characteristics and severity, and evaluate treatment outcomes when systemic propranolol therapy was administered. : We conducted a retrospective observational study analyzing 43 infants under 12 months, including 11 neonates (<28 days) diagnosed with IH. Maternal and neonatal factors, diagnostic timelines, clinical presentation, and treatment efficacy were examined. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, focusing on gestational age, birth weight, Apgar scores, and the Infantile Hemangioma Referral Score (IHReS). : The study found a female predominance and a correlation between IH and pre-term birth (50%) and low birth weight (<2760 g, 51.16%). Maternal anemia (23%) and gestational hypertension (9%) were present in the cohort, but no statistical association with IH severity was found. A significant number (44.18%) were diagnosed within the first two weeks postpartum. The IHReS was inversely correlated with Apgar scores, with newborns scoring above 8 having a lower IHReS. Treatment with propranolol (1-3 mg/kg/day) was highly effective, resulting in significant lesion regression in most patients. Mild complications included sleep disturbances (12%) and diarrhea (9%). The most affected areas were the face/eyelid (32.55%), limbs (18.6%), and anterior thorax. Additionally, 42% of cases had an IHReS above 4, with multiple hemangiomas increasing severity. IH was common in pre-term and low-birth-weight infants, whereas the maternal comorbidities observed in this small cohort did not show a definitive association, underscoring the need for controlled studies. Early diagnosis, risk stratification, and timely propranolol therapy are crucial in achieving favorable outcomes. Further research is needed to assess long-term effects and evaluate risks of treatment rebound.
婴儿血管瘤（IH）是新生儿常见的血管肿瘤，受多种产前和围产期因素影响。本研究旨在确定婴儿和母亲的风险因素，评估它们与临床特征和严重程度的关联，并评估给予系统性普萘洛尔治疗时的治疗结果。我们进行了一项回顾性观察研究，分析了43名12个月以下的婴儿，其中包括11名诊断为IH的新生儿（<28天）。检查了母亲和新生儿因素、诊断时间线、临床表现和治疗效果。数据分析包括描述性统计，重点关注胎龄、出生体重、阿氏评分和婴儿血管瘤转诊评分（IHReS）。研究发现女性占主导，且IH与早产（50%）和低出生体重（<2760g，51.16%）之间存在相关性。队列中存在母亲贫血（23%）和妊娠期高血压（9%），但未发现与IH严重程度有统计学关联。相当数量（44.18%）在产后两周内被诊断。IHReS与阿氏评分呈负相关，阿氏评分高于8分的新生儿IHReS较低。普萘洛尔（1 - 3mg/kg/天）治疗非常有效，大多数患者的病变显著消退。轻度并发症包括睡眠障碍（12%）和腹泻（9%）。受影响最严重的部位是面部/眼睑（32.55%）、四肢（18.6%）和前胸。此外，42%的病例IHReS高于4分，多个血管瘤会增加严重程度。IH在早产和低出生体重婴儿中很常见，而在这个小队列中观察到的母亲合并症未显示出明确的关联，这突出了进行对照研究的必要性。早期诊断、风险分层和及时的普萘洛尔治疗对于取得良好结果至关重要。需要进一步研究来评估长期影响并评估治疗反弹的风险。
