Zitouni Karima, Steyn Mia, Lewis Joanna, Kelly Frank J, Cook Paul, Earle Kenneth A
Institute of Infection and Immunity, City St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
St George's School of Health and Medical Sciences, City St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jul 14;14(7):858. doi: 10.3390/antiox14070858.
Diabetes is the world's leading cause of renal and premature cardiovascular disease. There are marked differences between groups of patients with different ethnicities in their susceptibility to diabetes and its renal and cardiovascular complications. Novel markers of developing diabetes complications are related to disturbances in oxidative metabolism. In this cross-sectional study, we measured the arterial stiffness in patients of differing ethnicities with type 2 diabetes mellitus and assessed the relationship of their ethnicity with systemic markers of oxidative stress. Patients from black, African and Caribbean, and Asian minor ethnic groups were studied, with white patients with T2DM ( = 170) without evidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The vascular stiffness was measured by infrared finger-photoplethysmography. The oxidative stress burden was assessed by measuring the urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), activities of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx-3), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and concentration of selenium. The vascular stiffness and 8-OHdG were higher in the white than in the Black patients (9.68 m/s vs. 9.26 m/s, = 0.021 and 292.8 ng/mL vs. 200.9 ng/mL, = 0.0027, respectively). Meanwhile, the GPx-3 and SOD activities and selenium were lower in the white than in the Black patients (283.3 U/L vs. 440.4 U/L, < 0.0001; 37.5 U/L vs. 75.6 U/L, = 0.0007; and 1.14 vs. 1.28 µmol/L, = 0.0001, respectively). In regression modelling, the 8-OHdG/creatinine ratio was an independent predictor of vascular stiffness in the white patient group (β = 0.23 m/s per unit increase in ln(8-OHdG/creatinine) [95% CI, 0.03 to 0.42]; = 0.021) but not in the Black patient group ( = 0.29). Increased vascular stiffness, lower endogenous antioxidant defense, and greater levels of oxidative damage were found in patients of white ethnicity, which could contribute to the higher incidence of CVD compared with patients from Black minor ethnic groups with diabetic renal disease.
糖尿病是导致肾病和心血管疾病过早发生的全球首要原因。不同种族的糖尿病患者群体在患糖尿病及其肾病和心血管并发症的易感性方面存在显著差异。糖尿病并发症发生的新型标志物与氧化代谢紊乱有关。在这项横断面研究中，我们测量了不同种族的2型糖尿病患者的动脉僵硬度，并评估了他们的种族与氧化应激全身标志物之间的关系。研究对象包括黑人、非洲和加勒比地区以及亚洲少数族裔的患者，以及无心血管疾病（CVD）证据的白人2型糖尿病患者（ = 170）。通过红外手指光电容积描记法测量血管僵硬度。通过测量尿8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx-3）活性、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和硒浓度来评估氧化应激负担。白人患者的血管僵硬度和8-OHdG高于黑人患者（分别为9.68 m/s对9.26 m/s， = 0.021；292.8 ng/mL对200.9 ng/mL， = 0.0027）。同时，白人患者的GPx-3和SOD活性以及硒含量低于黑人患者（分别为283.3 U/L对440.4 U/L， < 0.0001；37.5 U/L对75.6 U/L， = 0.0007；1.14对1.28 µmol/L， = 0.0001）。在回归模型中，8-OHdG/肌酐比值是白人患者组血管僵硬度的独立预测因子（β = 0.23 m/s，ln(8-OHdG/肌酐)每增加一个单位 [95% CI，0.03至0.42]； = 0.021），但在黑人患者组中并非如此（ = 0.29）。与患有糖尿病肾病的黑人少数族裔患者相比，白人种族患者的血管僵硬度增加、内源性抗氧化防御能力降低以及氧化损伤水平更高，这可能导致心血管疾病发病率更高。
