Ślebioda Zuzanna, Rangé Hélène, Strózik-Wieczorek Marta, Wyganowska Marzena Liliana
Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, CHU Rennes, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Jul 10;14(7):695. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14070695.
: The oral microbiome differs in obese patients compared to normal-weight subjects. Microbiologic shifts very often appear after surgical interventions such as bariatric surgery (BS) and in immunocompromised patients. However, the oral microbiome composition and load in subjects after bariatric surgery are unclear. : The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of the art related to the oral microbiome shift induced by bariatric surgery and to discuss its implications on oral cavity health. : Electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published up to March 30, 2025, describing prospective studies focused on changes in the oral microbiota of patients who underwent bariatric surgery. : Eight studies measuring the oral microbiome with different approaches-16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS)-were included in this review. The following bariatric techniques were used: sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, Omega loop gastric bypass, and laparoscopic gastric plication. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 12 months. The results of microbiologic studies were unequivocal. There was an increment in reported, high levels of species, and increased rates of some periodontitis-associated bacteria () in the post-bariatric surgery period, though some studies suggested a shift towards non-pathogenic composition of the oral microbiome in prospective observations. : The local oral microbial homeostasis becomes strongly impacted by the bariatric surgical treatment itself as well as its consequences in the further post-operative period. Therefore, obese patients undergoing BS require very careful dental observation.
与正常体重的受试者相比，肥胖患者的口腔微生物群有所不同。微生物变化经常出现在诸如减肥手术（BS）等外科手术后以及免疫功能低下的患者中。然而，减肥手术后受试者的口腔微生物群组成和负荷尚不清楚。
本综述的目的是总结与减肥手术引起的口腔微生物群变化相关的当前技术现状，并讨论其对口腔健康的影响。
检索了PubMed/Medline、科学网和Cochrane图书馆截至2025年3月30日发表的文章，这些文章描述了针对接受减肥手术患者口腔微生物群变化的前瞻性研究。
本综述纳入了八项采用不同方法测量口腔微生物群的研究——16S核糖体RNA（16S rRNA）测序、聚合酶链反应（PCR）、培养以及基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI TOF MS）。采用了以下减肥技术：袖状胃切除术、Roux-en-Y胃旁路术、Omega袢胃旁路术和腹腔镜胃折叠术。随访期为3至12个月。微生物学研究结果明确。减肥手术后报告的某些物种水平升高，一些牙周炎相关细菌（）的比例增加，尽管一些前瞻性观察研究表明口腔微生物群向非致病组成转变。
减肥手术治疗本身及其术后进一步的后果对局部口腔微生物稳态产生了强烈影响。因此，接受减肥手术的肥胖患者需要非常仔细的牙科观察。
