Kim Keun-Suh, Na Hee Sam, Oh Tae Jung, Han Hyejung, Kim Jiyeon, Hong Jin-Sil, Lee Hyo-Jung, Park Young Suk, Chung Jin
Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Mar 18;16:1553404. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1553404. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to compare oral microbiome profiles between obese and lean individuals without clinical periodontitis, and to assess changes in the oral microbiome of obese subjects following bariatric surgery.
Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 were enrolled in the obese group, whereas those with a BMI < 23 served as controls. The obese surgery group, which consented to bariatric surgery, was followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months with clinical examinations. Oral examinations were conducted and periodontal disease was classified based on probing results. Saliva, buccal and subgingival microbiome samples were analyzed for community diversity, relative bacterial abundance, and differential abundance between control ( = 24) and obese group ( = 31). To evaluate effect size and statistical power, we used micropower, a simulation-based method for Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance-based -diversity comparisons.
The obese group exhibited distinct alpha diversity (buccal: Chao1 p = 0.0002, Shannon = 0.0003, supragingival: Shannon < 0.0001) compared with the control group. Bray-Curtis distance analysis indicated significant disparities in microbiome composition distribution in saliva ( = 0.003), buccal ( = 0.002), and subgingival plaque samples ( = 0.001). Although the obese and normal weight groups exhibited no significant periodontal differences, the obese group showed distinct species associated with periodontal disease, especially in subgingival plaque including , spp., spp., and Cluster analysis of the obese surgery group indicated the emergence of microbiomes associated with a healthy state that increased over time including and various spp., whereas clusters containing periodontal pathogens including spp., tended to diminish.
The oral microbiome at 6 months post-bariatric surgery indicates a potential shift toward a healthy periodontal state, suggesting that weight loss interventions may positively impact oral microbial communities even in the absence of clinical periodontitis.
本研究旨在比较无临床牙周炎的肥胖个体和瘦个体之间的口腔微生物群谱，并评估肥胖受试者在减肥手术后口腔微生物群的变化。
体重指数（BMI）>30的个体被纳入肥胖组，而BMI<23的个体作为对照组。同意接受减肥手术的肥胖手术组在术后1、3和6个月进行临床检查随访。进行口腔检查，并根据探诊结果对牙周疾病进行分类。分析唾液、颊部和龈下微生物群样本的群落多样性、相对细菌丰度以及对照组（n = 24）和肥胖组（n = 31）之间的差异丰度。为了评估效应大小和统计功效，我们使用了微功率法，这是一种基于模拟的基于置换多变量方差分析的多样性比较方法。
与对照组相比，肥胖组表现出明显的α多样性（颊部：Chao1 p = 0.0002，香农指数p = 0.0003；龈上：香农指数p < 0.0001）。Bray-Curtis距离分析表明，唾液（p = 0.003）、颊部（p = 0.002）和龈下菌斑样本（p = 0.001）中微生物群组成分布存在显著差异。虽然肥胖组和正常体重组在牙周方面没有显著差异，但肥胖组显示出与牙周疾病相关的独特物种，特别是在龈下菌斑中，包括……菌属、……菌属和……。肥胖手术组的聚类分析表明，与健康状态相关的微生物群出现，且随时间增加，包括……菌属和各种……菌属，而包含牙周病原体如……菌属的聚类则趋于减少。
减肥手术后6个月的口腔微生物群表明可能向健康的牙周状态转变，这表明即使在没有临床牙周炎的情况下，体重减轻干预措施也可能对口腔微生物群落产生积极影响。
