Potievskaya Vera, Tyukanova Elizaveta, Sekacheva Marina, Fashafsha Zaki, Fatyanova Anastasia, Potievskiy Mikhail, Kononova Elena, Kholstinina Anna, Polishchuk Ekatherina, Shegai Peter, Kaprin Andrey
Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Volokolamskoye Shosse, 91, 125371 Moscow, Russia.
P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute-Branch or the Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Radiological Centre" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Proezd, 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia.
Life (Basel). 2025 Jul 14;15(7):1100. doi: 10.3390/life15071100.
Colorectal carcinoma remains one of the primary contributors to cancer deaths; however, it is also considered a preventable type of cancer, because the prognosis of the disease is directly dependent on its timely detection. Developing accurate risk prediction models for colorectal cancer is crucial for identifying individuals at both low and high risk, as risk stratification determines the need for additional interventions, which carry their own risks. The development of new non-invasive diagnostic methods based on biomaterial analysis, alongside standard diagnostic techniques such as colonoscopy with biopsy, computed tomography scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging, can address multiple objectives: improving screening accuracy, providing a comprehensive assessment of minimal residual disease, identifying patients at a high risk of colorectal cancer, and evaluating the effectiveness of ongoing treatments. The lack of sensitive diagnostic methods drives contemporary research toward the discovery of new tools for detecting tumor cells, particularly through the examination of biological materials, including blood, exhaled air, and tumor tissue itself. In this article, we analyze current studies regarding biomarkers in colorectal cancer and prognostic significance.
结直肠癌仍然是导致癌症死亡的主要原因之一；然而，它也被认为是一种可预防的癌症类型，因为该疾病的预后直接取决于其能否被及时检测出来。开发准确的结直肠癌风险预测模型对于识别低风险和高风险个体至关重要，因为风险分层决定了是否需要采取额外的干预措施，而这些干预措施本身也存在风险。基于生物材料分析开发新的非侵入性诊断方法，与标准诊断技术如结肠镜检查活检、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像一起，可以实现多个目标：提高筛查准确性、对微小残留疾病进行全面评估、识别结直肠癌高风险患者以及评估正在进行的治疗的有效性。缺乏敏感的诊断方法推动了当代研究朝着发现检测肿瘤细胞的新工具发展，特别是通过检查包括血液、呼出气体和肿瘤组织本身在内的生物材料。在本文中，我们分析了目前关于结直肠癌生物标志物及其预后意义的研究。
