Pais-Chanfrau José-Manuel, Quiñonez-Montaño Lisbeth J, Núñez-Pérez Jimmy, Prado-Beltrán Julia K, Cañarejo-Antamba Magali, Burbano-García Jhomaira L, Chiliquinga-Quispe Andrea J, Rodríguez Cabrera Hortensia M
School of Agro-Industrial Engineering, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100105, Imbabura, Ecuador.
School of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100105, Imbabura, Ecuador.
Insects. 2025 Jun 29;16(7):680. doi: 10.3390/insects16070680.
Contemporary agriculture heavily relies on synthetic chemicals to ensure high yields and food security; however, their overuse has led to health issues and the development of pesticide resistance in pests. Researchers are now exploring natural, eco-friendly alternatives for pest control.
This study evaluated two ethanol-based formulations (1.25% and 2.50%, /) derived from the tangerine peel ( L. var. Clementina) against conventional chemical treatments and an untreated control group in the cultivation of potatoes ( L. var. Capiro). A randomised block design was used, with three blocks per treatment containing 45 plants. The experiment was conducted during the wet season (February-April 2023).
According to visual inspections and yellow traps, following weekly application from days 30 to 105 post-planting to monitor pest (e.g., , Aphididae) and beneficial insect (e.g., Coccinellidae, ) populations, the 2.50% formulation performed similarly to chemical treatments against pests, whilst being harmless to beneficial insects. Post-harvest analysis showed that the formulations achieved 73% of conventional yields, with comparable tuber damage and levels of larvae.
Toxicological tests confirmed the eco-friendliness of the formulations, making them suitable for small-scale Andean 'chakras' in organic farming and honey production, without the use of chemicals.
当代农业严重依赖合成化学品来确保高产和粮食安全；然而，这些化学品的过度使用已导致健康问题以及害虫产生抗药性。研究人员目前正在探索天然、环保的害虫防治替代品。
本研究评估了两种源自克莱门氏小柑橘（Citrus reticulata Blanco var. Clementina）果皮的乙醇基制剂（1.25%和2.50%，/），并将其与传统化学处理以及马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L. var. Capiro）种植中的未处理对照组进行比较。采用随机区组设计，每个处理有三个区组，包含45株植物。实验在雨季（2023年2月至4月）进行。
根据目视检查和黄色诱捕器的数据，在种植后第30天至105天每周施用制剂，以监测害虫（如蚜虫科，Aphididae）和益虫（如瓢虫科，Coccinellidae）的种群数量，结果表明2.50%的制剂在防治害虫方面与化学处理效果相似，同时对益虫无害。收获后分析表明，这些制剂的产量达到了传统产量的73%，块茎损伤程度和蛴螬幼虫数量相当。
毒理学测试证实了这些制剂的生态友好性，使其适用于安第斯山区小规模的有机农场“查克拉”以及蜂蜜生产，无需使用化学品。
