Zhang Jingbai, Liu Youcun, Labat David, Zhang Jian, Xie Zuolun, Guo Jianan
School of Geographic Sciences and Tourism, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514000, China.
Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR 5563 Univiersité Toulouse 3 - CNRS-IRD-CNES, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 29;15(1):27541. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-12016-4.
Mountain ecosystems have experienced significant anthropogenic disturbances, resulting in severe degradation. Due to their intricate topography, climatic zonation, and spatial heterogeneity, the spatial and temporal evolution of net productivity in mountain ecosystems and the underlying driving factors remain unclear. This study focuses on the Southern Hilly Mountainous Belt of China (SHMB) to investigate the trends in net primary productivity (NPP) and its response mechanism from 2001 to 2020. The study employs Mann-Kendall trend test, Convergent Cross Mapping analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and Geographical Detectors. The findings of this study are as follows: (1) The spatial distribution of NPP in the entire SHMB is significantly influenced by LULC (0.43 > q > 0.14, p < 0.005). (2) Human activities have significantly enhanced the carbon sequestration capacity in low-altitude areas (< 650 m) and gentle slope areas (< 16°). (3) Temperature, as the primary driving factor, has influenced the changes in NPP in the SHMB region over the 20 years. However, in the steep slope areas of the eastern and central regions of the SHMB, precipitation has significantly hindered the increase in NPP (-0.17 > q > -0.32, p < 0.05). In summary, human activities have significantly and positively driven the increase in NPP. However, in the central and eastern regions of SHMB, it is also necessary to guard against the ecological degradation caused by increased precipitation. These findings contribute to an enhanced understanding of the carbon cycle process crucial for achieving carbon neutrality, enhancing ecological functions, and studying global change.
山地生态系统经历了重大的人为干扰，导致严重退化。由于其复杂的地形、气候分带和空间异质性，山地生态系统净生产力的时空演变及其潜在驱动因素仍不明确。本研究聚焦于中国南方山地丘陵地带（SHMB），以调查2001年至2020年期间净初级生产力（NPP）的趋势及其响应机制。该研究采用了曼-肯德尔趋势检验、收敛交叉映射分析、皮尔逊相关分析和地理探测器。本研究的结果如下：（1）整个SHMB地区NPP的空间分布受土地利用/土地覆盖变化（LULC）的显著影响（0.43 > q > 0.14，p < 0.005）。（2）人类活动显著提高了低海拔地区（<650米）和缓坡地区（<16°）的碳固存能力。（3）温度作为主要驱动因素，影响了SHMB地区20年来NPP的变化。然而，在SHMB东部和中部地区的陡坡区域，降水显著阻碍了NPP的增加（-0.17 > q > -0.32，p < 0.05）。综上所述，人类活动显著且积极地推动了NPP的增加。然而，在SHMB的中部和东部地区，也有必要防范降水增加导致的生态退化。这些发现有助于加深对碳循环过程的理解，这对于实现碳中和、增强生态功能和研究全球变化至关重要。
